System Description

System Description

Overview

The navigation system is a highly-sophisticated, hybrid locating system that uses satellites and a map database to show where the vehicle is to help guide you to a desired destination.

The navigation system receives signals from the global positioning system (GPS), a network of 24 satellites in orbit around the earth. By receiving signals from several of these satellites, the navigation system can determine the latitude, longitude, and elevation of the vehicle. In addition, signals from the system's yaw rate sensor and the PCM (vehicle speed pulse) enable the system to keep track of the vehicle's direction and speed of travel.

This hybrid system has advantages over a system that is either entirely self-contained or one that relies totally on the GPS. For example, the self-contained portion of the system can keep track of vehicle position even when satellite signals cannot be received. When the navigation system is on, the GPS can keep track of the vehicle position even when the vehicle is transported by ferry.

The navigation system applies all location, direction, and speed information to maps and calculates a route to the destination entered. As you drive to that destination, the system provides both visual and audio guidance.

This navigation system also has voice recognition that allows voice control of most of the navigation functions. The Navigation TALK and BACK buttons on the steering wheel activate the voice control. The voice control also allows control of the audio and climate functions.

The illumination signal (headlights ON) is used by the navigation unit to automatically switch the display between "Night" and "Day" brightness modes when display is set to Auto. When the instrument panel is set to night and the brightness control is set to full brightness (hold both "+" and "-" key at the same time), the navigation system stays in the day mode, even with the headlights on.

The GA-NET II bus passes information back and forth between the display panel control unit, the navigation unit and the audio system, The information passed on this bus are audio and climate control settings directed by the navigation unit.

The "Comm. Bus" connects the HFL, XM (AcuraLink), and navigation units. This bus supports these functions:
- The navigation control unit receives traffic and message information from the AcuraLink Control unit.
- The navigation control unit sends a POI phone number ("Calculate route to" screen) to the HFL for dialing.
- If vehicle problems are detected, and the client's cellular contract includes data service, then the HFL can send vehicle data to the HFL unit for transmitting back to the AcuraLink servers.
- The AcuraLink server can pass additional problem details back through the HFL, to the AcuraLink Control unit, and finally to the navigation unit for display.

System Diagram

Navigation Function
The navigation system is composed of the navigation unit, the PCM (vehicle speed signal), the GPS antenna, the microphone, the voice control switch, the audio unit, the display unit, and the interface dial.

Function Diagram

GA-Net Bus Configuration
The GA-Net bus passes audio and navigation commands throughout the navigation and audio components. These commands include navigation audio/XM selections by voice, and XM station and music title names. Because the entire bus is interconnected between components, an open or short in the GA-Net bus harness may cause any or all of these functions to become inoperative.

Vehicle Speed Pulse
The vehicle speed pulse is sent by the PCM. The PCM receives a signal from the countershaft speed sensor, then processes the signal and transmits it to the speedometer and other systems.

Charge Signal, Navigation Unit Cooling Fan Operation and Trip Computer
The PCM sends a charge signal to the navigation unit via F-CAN. A thermistor inside the navigation unit monitors the units internal temperature. This information combined with a charge signal determines the control units internal cooling fan operation. The navigation system displays trip computer information that is calculated by the gauge assembly.

Yaw Rate-Lateral Acceleration Sensor
The yaw rate-lateral acceleration sensor (located in the navigation unit) detects the direction change (angular speed) of the vehicle. The sensor is an oscillation gyro built into the navigation unit.

Sensor Element Structure
The sensor element is shaped like a tuning fork, and it consists of the piezoelectric parts, the metal block, and the support pin. There are four piezoelectric parts: one to drive the oscillators, one to monitor and maintain the oscillation at a regular frequency, and two to detect angular velocity. The two oscillators, which have a 90-degree twist in the center, are connected at the bottom by the metal block and supported by the support pin. A detection piezoelectric part is attached to the top of each oscillator. The driving piezoelectric part is attached to the bottom of one oscillator, and the monitoring piezoelectric part is attached to the bottom of the other oscillator.

Oscillation Gyro Principles
The piezoelectric parts have "electric/mechanical transfer characteristics. " They bend vertically when voltage is applied to both sides of the parts, and voltage is generated between both sides of the piezoelectric parts when they are bent by an external force. The oscillation gyro functions by utilizing this characteristic of the piezoelectric parts and "Coriolis force. " (Coriolis force deflects moving objects as a result of the earth's rotation.) In the oscillation gyro, this force moves the sensor element when angular velocity is applied.

Operation
1. The driving piezoelectric part oscillates the oscillator by repeatedly bending and returning when an AC voltage of 6 kHz is applied to the part. The monitoring-side oscillator resonates because it is connected to the driving-side oscillator by the metal block.
2. The monitoring piezoelectric part bends in proportion to the oscillation and outputs voltage (the monitor signal). The navigation unit control circuit controls the drive signal to stabilize the monitor signal.
3. When the vehicle is stopped, the detecting piezoelectric parts oscillate right and left with the oscillators, but no signal is output because the parts are not bent (no angular force).
4. When the vehicle turns to the right, the sensor element moves in a circular motion with the right oscillator bending forward and the left oscillator bending rearward. The amount of forward/rearward bend varies according to the angular velocity of the vehicle.

5. The detecting piezoelectric parts output voltage (the yaw rate signal) according to the amount of bend. The amount of vehicle direction change is determined by measuring this voltage.

Global Positioning System (GPS)
The global positioning system (GPS) enables the navigation system to determine the current position of the vehicle by using the signals transmitted from the satellites in orbit around the earth. The satellites transmit the satellite identification signal, orbit information, transmission time signal, and other information. When the GPS receiver receives a signal from four or more satellites simultaneously, it calculates the current position of the vehicle based on the distance to each satellite and the satellite's position in its respective orbit.

Precision of GPS
The precision of the GPS varies according to the number of satellites from which signals are received and the view of the sky. The precision is indicated by the color and shape of the GPS icon shown on the display.

GPS Antenna
The GPS antenna amplifies and transmits the signals received from the satellites to the GPS receiver.

GPS Receiver and Clock
The GPS receiver is built into the navigation unit. It calculates the vehicle position by receiving the signal from the GPS antenna. The current time, vehicle position, and signal reception condition is transmitted from the GPS receiver to the navigation control unit to adjust vehicle position.

Navigation Unit
The navigation unit calculates the vehicle position and guides you to the destination. The unit performs map matching correction, GPS correction, and distance tuning. It also controls the menu functions and the DVD-ROM drive, and interprets voice commands. With control of all these items, the navigation unit makes the navigation picture signal, then it transmits the signal to the display panel control unit and audio driving instructions to the audio unit.

Calculation of Vehicle Position
The navigation unit calculates the vehicle position (the driving direction and the current position) by receiving the directional change signals from the yaw rate sensor and the travel distance signals from vehicle speed pulse (VSP) signal of the PCM.

Map Matching Tuning
The map matching occurs when you drive the vehicle along a mapped road until the road name appears of the bottom of the screen. The map data transmitted from the DVD-ROM is checked against the vehicle position data, and the vehicle position is indicated on the nearest road. Map matching tuning does not occur when the vehicle travels on a road not shown on the map, or when the vehicle position is far away from a road on the map.

GPS Tuning
The GPS tuning is accomplished by indicating the vehicle position as the GPS's vehicle position. The navigation unit compares its calculated vehicle position data with the GPS vehicle position data. If there is large difference between the two, the indicated vehicle position is adjusted to the GPS vehicle position.

Distance Tuning
The distance tuning reduces the difference between the travel distance signal from the VSP and the distance data on the map. The navigation unit compares its calculated vehicle position data with the GPS vehicle position data. The navigation unit then decreases the tuning value when the vehicle position is always ahead of the GPS vehicle position, and it increases the tuning value when the vehicle position is always behind the GPS vehicle position.

Route Guidance
The navigation unit can calculate different routes to a selected destination. You have five options:
- Direct Route-Calculate a route that is the most direct.
- Easy Route calculate a route that minimizes the number of turns needed.
- Minimize Freeways-Calculate a route that avoids freeway travel. If that is not possible, keep the amount of freeway travel to a minimum.
- Minimize Toll Roads-Calculate a route that avoids, or minimizes travel on toll roads.
- Maximize Freeways-Calculate a route that uses freeways as much as possible.

Audio Guidance
The navigation unit transmits audio driving instructions before entering an intersection or passing a junction. The audio instructions come through the audio unit to the front speakers.

NOTE: The front speakers are muted whenever the navigation system is giving guidance commands, and all of the speakers are muted when the voice control system is being used.

Solar Angle
The navigation system uses the sun's angle, along with the sunlight sensor to control the driver/passenger A/C airflow.

Off Road Tracking (breadcrumbs)
Off road tracking dots that can be followed on the map to retrace your route back to a mapped (digitized) road.

Clock and Time Zone
The clock set up allows you to set daylight setting time, auto time zone and time adjustment.

Muting Signal Logic
The audio muting logic is controlled by the audio unit. The audio unit determines what audio source has priority to use the speakers.

The priority of the audio sources is as follows:

On-Star ('05-06 models) has the highest priority, followed by HFL, AcuraLink, navigation, and finally the radio/CD-DVD player. The priority is passed by On-Star ('05-06 models), HFL, and AcuraLink to the audio unit by dedicated mute wires. The navigation mute signal is passed to the audio unit on the GA-Net bus.

The navigation unit temporarily disables the voice control buttons, but allows guidance to be heard. In addition, the audio unit suppresses the output from the radio, XM unit, disc player, or other audio accessories.

When the navigation system sends out a voice route guidance command, the audio front center speaker is muted, and the navigation voice is heard in the front speakers.

When the navigation voice control system is in use, all of the speakers are muted, and the navigation voice prompts are heard from the front speakers.

DVD-ROM
The DVD includes:
- Map Data
- Point of interest (POI)
- Navigation software

Audio Unit
The audio unit receives the voice guidance instructions from the navigation unit, and transmits the instructions through the front speakers even when the audio system is in use.

NOTE: If the navigation volume is turned OFF, this feature is disabled.

Display Unit
The display unit uses a liquid crystal display (LCD). The LCD is a 8-inch-diagonal, thin film transistor (TFT), stripe type with 336,960 picture elements. The color film and fluorescent light are laid out on the back of the liquid crystal film.

Microphone (Mic)
Receives voice commands and transmits them to the navigation unit or HandsFreeLink unit for interpretation.

TALK Button
Activates the voice control system in the navigation unit to accept voice commands.

BACK Button
Returns the display to the previous screen (similar function as the CANCEL button).

Glossary

System Function Diagram
This diagram shows the features of the navigation system starting at the center and working outward in layers. The navigation program starts at "Key ON", and then displays the globe screen. Once the disclaimer screen is acknowledged, the next shaded portions of the diagram become active. However, some functions of the INFO and SET UP buttons, and all functions of the AUDIO and A/C buttons can be accessed immediately after the globe screen (white).

The items above the map screen show various ways to set a destination, such as "Go Home." Once you begin driving to your destination, you are provided with map/voice guidance, routing cautions (in unverified areas), and a directions list. While driving to your destination, use the voice control system as much as possible to interact with the navigation, audio, and climate control systems.

Diagnostic System Diagram
This diagram represents the diagnostic "slice" in the Navigation Functional diagram. The diagram shows an overview of the navigation diagnostic features starting at the center and working outward in layers. The diagram starts with "Key on". The diagram shows two ways to get to the diagnostic main menu:
- By starting the vehicle with the SCS connector plugged in, you will enter the diagnostic "System Links" screen, select "Return" to get to the main diagnostic menu.
- From any of the navigation Map or Menu screens, press and simultaneously hold the keys Menu + Map + Cancel. The diagram shows the available diagnostic menu choices, starting at the bottom left, and moving clockwise. In most cases, do not clear or change settings in any diagnostic screen unless instructed to do so in the explanation, or by the factory.

If the factory asks you to insert a PCMCIA memory card into the "PC Slot," then the features specified on the diagram as "(Card)" are available.