Catalytic Converter Efficiency Failure

NAME OF CODE
Catalytic Converter Efficiency Failure

WHEN MONITORED
After engine warm up to 147° F (64° C), 180 seconds of open throttle operation, at a speed >20 mph, with the engine at 1200-1700 rpm and MAP vacuum between 15.0 and 21.0 Hg.

SET CONDITION
As the converter loses the ability to store oxygen, efficiency drops, and the concentration of oxygen becomes the same downstream as upstream. The output voltage of the downstream 02S's copies that of the upstream sensor with a time lag (seen by the PCM) between the switching of the O2S's. The MIL illuminates after 2 failed trips (1 failed trip with EWMA monitor) but goes out if the conditions that set the trouble code are not found on 3 good subsequent trips.

THEORY OF OPERATION
The catalyst monitor uses oxygen sensors (02S's) to monitor the efficiency of the converter. The dual O2S strategy is based on the fact that as a catalyst deteriorates, its oxygen storage capacity and its efficiency are both reduced. By monitoring the oxygen storage capacity of a catalyst, its efficiency can be indirectly calculated. The upstream 028 is used to detect the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas before the gas enters the catalytic converter. As the converter absorbs the oxygen, there is a lack of oxygen downstream of the converter and the output of the downstream O2S indicates limited activity. The downstream 02S detects oxygen content in treated gases that passed the converter. The PCM monitors lean-to-rich switches of the dual 02S's. A ratio of downstream to upstream switches closer to 0 indicates an operational catalyst, while a 1:1 ratio indicates an ineffective catalyst.

PROBABLE CAUSES
- Catalytic converter
- Exhaust leaks upstream of catalyst
- Contaminated fuel
- Mechanical engine problem
- Weak 02 sensor with a deteriorated catalyst

NOTE: The above calibrations are approximate values.
For exact calibrations, see DRBIII OBDII help screens.