Airbag System Description
AIRBAG SYSTEMThe Airbag Control Module (ACM) is secured to a bracket on the floor panel below the drivers seat.
The ACM contains a microprocessor, the impact sensor, and energy storage capacitor. The microprocessor contains the airbag system logic. The ACM system logic includes On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) capability, and communicates with the instrument cluster circuitry on the Chrysler Collision Detection (CCD) data bus to control the airbag indicator lamp.
The microprocessor in the ACM monitors the impact sensor signal and the airbag system electrical circuits to determine the system readiness. If the ACM detects a monitored system fault, it sends messages to the instrument cluster on the CCD data bus to turn on the airbag indicator lamp. A pre-programmed decision algorithm in the ACM microprocessor determines when the deceleration rate signaled by the impact sensor indicates an impact that is severe enough to require airbag system protection. When the programmed conditions are met, the ACM sends an electrical signal to deploy the airbag system components.
Only one impact sensor is used in this airbag system. The impact sensor is an accelerometer that senses the rate of vehicle deceleration, which provides verification of the direction and severity of an impact. The impact sensor is calibrated for the specific vehicle, and is only serviced as a unit with the ACM.
The ACM also contains an energy-storage capacitor. This capacitor stores enough electrical energy to deploy the airbags, for one second following a battery disconnect or failure during an impact. The purpose of the capacitor is to provide airbag system protection in a severe secondary impact if the initial impact has damaged or disconnected the battery, but was not severe enough to deploy the airbags.
THE AIRBAG SYSTEM IS A SENSITIVE, COMPLEX ELECTROMECHANICAL UNIT. BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO DIAGNOSE OR SERVICE ANY AIRBAG SYSTEM OR RELATED STEERING WHEEL, STEERING COLUMN, OR INSTRUMENT PANEL COMPONENTS YOU MUST FIRST DISCONNECT AND ISOLATE THE BATTERY NEGATIVE (GROUND) CABLE. THEN WAIT TWO MINUTES FOR THE SYSTEM CAPACITOR TO DISCHARGE BEFORE FURTHER SYSTEM SERVICE. THIS IS THE ONLY SURE WAY TO DISABLE THE AIRBAG SYSTEM. FAILURE TO DO THIS COULD RESULT IN ACCIDENTAL AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT AND POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY.
NEVER STRIKE OR KICK THE AIRBAG CONTROL MODULE, AS IT CAN DAMAGE THE IMPACT SENSOR OR AFFECT ITS CALIBRATION. IF AN AIRBAG CONTROL MODULE IS ACCIDENTALLY DROPPED DURING SERVICE, THE MODULE MUST BE SCRAPPED AND REPLACED WITH A NEW UNIT.
The airbag warning lamp is the only point at which the customer can observe "symptoms" of a system malfunction, Whenever the ignition key is turned to the RUN or START position, the MIC performs a lamp check by turning the AIRBAG warning lamp ON for 6-8 seconds. If the lamp remains OFF, it means that the ACM has checked the system and found it to be free of discernible malfunctions. If the lamp remains ON, there could be an active fault in the system or the MIC lamp circuit may be internally shorted to ground. If the lamp comes ON and stays ON for a period longer than 6-8 seconds then goes OFF, there is usually an intermittent problem in the system.
The MIC monitors the airbag warning lamp and seat belt warning lamp during the bulb check for a defective bulb or lamp driver circuit. The MIC tests the airbag lamp during the cluster bulb check and substitutes the seat belt lamp if the airbag lamp is defective. If the airbag lamp is defective the MIC will turn the seat belt light ON and OFF approximately 30 times to warn the driver that the airbag lamp is defective. The lamp status is sent to the ACM continuously via a CCD bus message. The seat belt lamp acts as a backup in the event that the AIRBAG lamp is defective. This information is sent to the ACM continuously via a CCD bus message.
Perform the WARNING LAMP BULB OR DRIVER procedure in this book to find the cause of any customer complaint regarding the AIRBAG warning lamp, such as:
- warning lamp does not illuminate
- warning lamp stays illuminated with no active DTC's
The ACM cannot be repaired or adjusted and, if damaged or faulty, it must be replaced.
Service and general information labels about the airbag system can be found on the driver's sun visor, the glove box door, and in the engine compartment.
WARNING: FAILURE TO HAVE THE AIRBAG SYSTEM PROPERLY SERVICED BY AN AUTHORIZED DEALER MAY LEAD TO POSSIBLE INJURY IN THE EVENT OF AN ACCIDENT.