Engine Cranks But Does Not Start

STARTING PROCEDURES
The Cummins Diesel engine is equipped with several features designed to assist cold weather starting and operation:
- The engine block heater is a resistance heater installed in the water jacket of the engine just above and behind the oil filter. It requires a 110-115 volt AC electrical outlet with a grounded, three-wire extension cord.

NOTE: The engine block heater cord is a factory installed option. If your vehicle is not equipped, heater cords are available from your authorized Mopar dealer.

- A 12-volt heater built into the fuel filter housing aids in preventing fuel gelling. It is controlled by a built-in thermostat. Do not crank engine for more than 15 seconds at a time as starter motor damage may result. Turn key to OFF and wait at least two minutes before trying again.
- A heated intake air system both improves engine starting and reduces the amount of white smoke generated by a warming engine. Normal Starting Procedure--Engine Manifold Air Temperature Above 66�F (19�C) Observe the Instrument Panel Cluster lights when starting the engine.
1. Always apply the parking brake.
2. Shift into PARK for an automatic transmission. Fully depress and hold the clutch and shift into NEUTRAL for a manual transmission. Models with manual transmission are equipped with a clutch interlocking cranking system. The clutch must be fully depressed to start the vehicle.
3. Turn the ignition key to the ON position and look at the instrument panel cluster lamps. The lamps in the instrument panel cluster will illuminate when the ignition key is first turned to the ON position. This is a bulb check programmed to last for approximately 3 seconds. After the bulb check is completed, the Malfunction Indicator Light and Brake Warning light will remain on. After the bulb check is complete and the WAIT TO START indicator goes out proceed to step 4.

CAUTION! If WATER IN FUEL indicator light remains on DO NOT START engine before you drain water from the fuel filter to avoid engine damage. Service and Repair
4. Turn the ignition key to START and crank the engine. Do not press the accelerator during starting.

Caution! Do not crank engine for more than 15 seconds at a time as the starter motor damage may result. Turn key to OFF and wait at least two minutes before trying again.

5. When the engine starts, release the key.
6. Check to see that there is oil pressure.
7. Release the parking brake.

Starting Procedure--Engine Manifold Air Temperature Below 66�F (19�C)

NOTE: The temperature displayed on the overhead console (if equipped) does not necessarily reflect the engine manifold air temperature. The wait-to-start lamp will illuminate momentarily for a bulb check when the ignition key is turned to the ON position, however when lamp will remain on indicating the intake manifold heater system is active. Follow the steps in the Normal Starting Procedure except:

CAUTION! Do not crank engine for more than 15 seconds at a time or starter motor damage may result. Turn key to OFF and wait at least 2 minutes for starter to cool before repeating start procedure.
- The WAIT TO START light will remain on for a period of time (length of time depends on engine temperature) after completion of the bulb check.
- After the WAIT TO START light goes off, turn the ignition key to START. Do not press the accelerator during starting.
- Check to see that there is oil pressure.
- Allow the engine to idle at fast idle for about three minutes until the manifold heaters have completed the post-heat cycle.
- Release the parking brake and drive.

NOTE: Engine idle speed will automatically increase to 1000 rpm at low coolant temperatures to improve engine warm-up.

NOTE: If the engine stalls or if the ignition switch is left On for more than 2 minutes after the WAIT TO START light goes out, reset the grid heaters by turning the ignition switch to Off and the back On. Repeat steps 3 through 7 of the normal starting procedure For Extremely Cold Weather Starting (Engine Temperature Below 0�F (- 18�C)
In extremely cold weather below 0�F (- 18�C) it may be beneficial to cycle the manifold heaters twice before attempting to start the engine. This can be accomplished by turning the ignition OFF and then back ON after the WAIT TO START light has gone off, but before the engine is started. However, repeated cycling of the manifold heaters will result in damage to the heater elements or reduced battery voltage.

NOTE: If multiple pre-heat cycles are used before starting, additional engine run time may be required to maintain battery state of charge at a satisfactory level.
- If the engine stalls after the initial start, the ignition must be turned to the OFF position and then to the ON position to recycle the manifold heaters.

NOTE: Excessive white smoke and poor engine performance will result if manifold heaters are not recycled
- Heat generated by the manifold heaters dissipates rapidly in a cold engine. If more than two minutes pass between the time the WAIT TO START light goes OFF and the engine is started, recycle the manifold heaters by turning the ignition OFF and then back ON.
- If the vehicle is driven and vehicle speed exceeds 18 mph (29 km) before the manifold heater post-heat (after start) cycle is complete, the manifold heaters will shut off.
- If the engine is started before the WAIT TO START light turns off, the preheat cycle will turn off.
- If the engine is cranked for more than 10 seconds, the post-heat cycle will turn off.

NOTE: Engine idle speed will automatically increase to 1000 rpm at low coolant temperatures to improve engine warm-up.

NOTE: When a diesel engine is allowed to run out of fuel or the fuel gels at low temperatures, air is pulled into the fuel system. You may try priming as described below.
1. Add a substantial quantity of fuel to the tank (5 to 10 gallons) or eliminate the gelled fuel condition.
2. Crank the engine for 1 to 2 seconds. If the engine does not start, then release the key or starter button back to the RUN position (do not turn the key back to the OFF position). The electric fuel transfer pump will continue to run and purge air from the system for about 25 seconds. After 25 seconds, attempt to start the engine again.
3. Start the engine using the Normal Starting Procedure.
4. Repeat the procedure if the engine does not start.

WARNING! Do not open the high pressure fuel system with the engine running. Engine operation causes high fuel pressure. High pressure fuel spray can cause serious injury or death.

NOTE: The engine may run rough until the air is forced from all the fuel lines.

Starting Fluids

WARNING! STARTING FLUIDS or flammable liquids are NEVER TO BE USED in the Cummins Diesel (see Warning label). Never pour diesel fuel, flammable liquid, starting fluids (ether) into the air cleaner canister, air intake piping, or turbocharger inlet in an attempt to start the vehicle. This could result in a flash fire and explosion causing serious personal injury and engine damage.
The engine is equipped with an automatic electric air preheating system. If the instructions in this manual are followed, the engine should start in all conditions.

WARNING! Do not leave children or animals inside parked vehicles in hot weather. Interior heat build up may cause serious injury or death.

NORMAL OPERATION
Observe the following when the engine is operating.
- All message center lights are off.
- Check Engine Lamp is off.
- Engine Oil Pressure is above 10 psi (69 kPa) at idle.
- Low Oil Pressure light is off.
- Voltmeter Operation:
- The voltmeter may show a gauge fluctuation if certain engine temperatures are below 66�F (19�C). This cycling operation is caused by the post-heat cycle of the intake manifold heater system. The number of cycles and the length of the cycling operation is controlled by the engine control module, this time will not exceed 150 seconds. The needle should then stabilize at the approximate operation point.
- The cycling action will cause temporary dimming of the headlamps, interior lamps, and also a noticeable reduction in blower motor speed.

Cold Weather Precautions
Operation in ambient temperature below 32�F (0�C) may require special considerations. The following charts suggest the Fuel Operating Range.
a. -7°C to 20°F No.2 Diesel Fuel and above
b. -18°C to 0°F No.2 Diesel Fuel climatized
c. -23°C to -10°F No.2 Diesel Fuel climatized
d. -29°C to -20°F No.1 Diesel Fuel

*No. 1 diesel fuel should only be used where extended arctic conditions (-10�F/-23�C) exist.

NOTE:
- Use of Climatized Diesel Fuel or Number 1 Diesel Fuel results in a noticeable decrease in fuel economy.
- Climatized Diesel Fuel is a blend of Number 2 and Number 1 Diesel Fuels which reduces the temperature at which wax crystals form in fuel.

NOTE: Refer to Fuel Requirements in this section for further details on fuel recommendations.

Engine Block Heater
The engine block heater warms engine coolant and permits quicker starts in cold weather. Connect the heater cord to a ground-fault interrupter protected 110-115 volt AC electrical outlet with a grounded, three-wire extension cord.
The engine block heater cord is routed under the hood to the right side and can be located just behind the grille near the headlamp.

NOTE: The engine block heater cord is a factory installed option. If your vehicle is not equipped, heater cords are available from your authorized Mopar dealer.
The block heater must be plugged in at least one hour to have an adequate warming effect on the coolant.

WARNING! Remember to disconnect the cord before driving. Damage to the 110-115 volt electrical cord could cause electrocution.

NOTE: The block heater will require 110 Volts AC and 6.5 Amps to activate the heater element.

Block Heater Usage
A. Temperatures below 0�F (-18�C)
- Block Heater Required for 15W-40
- Block Heater Recommended for 5W-40
B. Temperatures below - 20�F (-29�C)
- Block Heater Required for 5W-40

Winter Front Usage
If a winter front or cold weather cover is to be used, a percentage of the total grille opening area must be left uncovered to provide sufficient air flow to the charge air cooler and automatic transmission oil cooler. The percentage of opening must be increased with the increasing ambient air temperature and/or engine load. If the cooling fan can be heard cycling frequently, increase the size of the opening in the winter front. A suitable cold weather cover is available from your Mopar dealer

Battery Blanket Usage
A battery loses 60% of its cranking power as the battery temperature decreases to 0�F (-18�). For the same decrease in temperature, the engine requires twice as much power to crank at the same RPM. The use of 120 VAC powered battery blankets will greatly increase starting capability at low temperatures. Suitable battery blankets are available from your authorized Mopar dealer.

Arctic Operation
Where there are no provisions to keep the engine warm when it is operating in ambient temperatures consistently below (-10�F/-23�C), use 5W-40 synthetic engine oil and fuel that meets the requirements. Engine Oil

Engine Warm-Up
Avoid full throttle operation when the engine is cold. When starting a cold engine, bring the engine up to operating speed slowly to allow the oil pressure to stabilize as the engine warms up.

NOTE: High-speed, no-load running of a cold engine can result in excessive white smoke and poor engine performance. No-load engine speeds should be kept under 1,200 rpm during the warm-up period, especially in cold ambient temperature conditions. If temperatures are below 32�F (0�C), operate the engine at moderate speeds for 5 minutes before full loads are applied.

Engine Idling - In Cold Weather
Avoid prolonged idling. Long periods of idling may be harmful to your engine because combustion chamber temperatures can drop so low that the fuel may not burn completely. Incomplete combustion allows carbon and varnish to form on piston rings and injector nozzles. Also, the unburned fuel can enter the crankcase, diluting the oil and causing rapid wear to the engine.

NOTE:
- If ambient temperatures are low and the coolant temperature is below 200�F (93�C), the engine idle speed will slowly increase to 1000 RPM after 2 minutes of idle, if the following conditions are met:
- foot is off brake pedal and throttle pedal available from your authorized Mopar dealer.