Cooling System: Description and Operation

WARNING: DO NOT STAND IN LINE WITH OR NEAR RADIATOR FAN WHEN ENGINE IS RUNNING.

WARNING: NEVER REMOVE THE RADIATOR CAP UNDER ANY CONDITIONS WHILE THE ENGINE IS OPERATING OR WHEN THE COOLING SYSTEM IS HOT. FAILURE TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS COULD RESULT IN DAMAGE TO THE COOLING SYSTEM OR ENGINE OR PERSONAL INJURY. TO AVOID HAVING SCALDING HOT COOLANT OR STEAM BLOW OUT OF THE RADIATOR CAP, USE EXTREME CARE WHEN REMOVING THE RADIATOR CAP. WAIT UNTIL THE ENGINE HAS COOLED, THEN WRAP A THICK CLOTH AROUND THE RADIATOR CAP AND TURN IT SLOWLY TO THE FIRST STOP, STEP BACK WHILE THE PRESSURE IS RELEASED FROM THE COOLING SYSTEM. WHEN THE PRESSURE HAS BEEN RELEASED, PRESS DOWN ON THE RADIATOR CAP (STILL WITH A CLOTH), TURN AND REMOVE IT.

The cooling system consists of the following components:
- coolant
- drive belt
- radiator
- engine oil cooler
- water pump
- transmission fluid cooler
- upper radiator hose
- lower radiator hose
- water thermostat
- water temperature indicator sender unit
- radiator
- Engine Coolant Temperature sensor (ECT sensor)
- block heater
- radiator overflow hose
- fan clutch
- radiator mounting insulator
- fan shroud

The radiator allows excess engine heat to be transferred to the air.

The water pump circulates the coolant.

The water thermostat:
- controls the coolant temperature.
- allows quicker engine warm-up.

The radiator coolant recovery reservoir:
- holds surplus coolant when hot.
- returns coolant back to the radiator when cool.

The radiator cap:
- regulates pressure in the cooling system.
- allows coolant to escape from the radiator to the radiator coolant recovery reservoir when hot.
- allows coolant to be drawn from the radiator coolant recovery reservoir to the radiator cap when system cools.

The fan blade draws air through the radiator to help cool the system coolant.

The fan clutch is a thermostatically controlled clutch that controls the fan drive.

Coolant flow is as follows:
- engine coolant flows from the lower radiator hose to the water pump
- from the water pump to the engine block and the cylinder heads
- thermostat closed coolant returns to the pump
- thermostat open coolant passes back to the radiator

Use Ford Premium Engine Coolant E2FZ-19549-AA meeting Ford specification ESE-M97B44-A (in Canada CXC-8B, in Oregon F5FZ-19549-CC).
Unsatisfactory coolant materials:

- alcohol-type antifreeze does not provide adequate water pump lubrication.
- has lower boiling point.
- reduces antifreeze protection.
- alkali or brine solution will cause serious engine cooling system damage.

The water temperature indicator sender unit provides a signal to the temperature gauge.

The block heater:
- is an optional electrical heating element installed in the core plug opening.
- uses a standard 110V electrical supply.
- keeps the engine coolant warm during cold weather.