Torque Converter

Torque Converter





The torque converter transmits and multiplies torque. The torque converter is a four-element device:
^ Impeller assembly
^ Turbine assembly
^ Reactor assembly
^ Clutch and damper assembly

The standard torque converter components operate as follows:
^ Rotation of the converter housing and impeller set the fluid in motion.
^ The turbine reacts to the fluid motion from the impeller, transferring rotation to the geartrain through the input shaft.
^ The reactor redirects fluid going back into the impeller, providing for torque multiplication.
^ The clutch and damper assembly dampens powertrain torsional vibration and provides a direct mechanical connection for improved efficiency..
^ Power is transmitted from the torque converter to the planetary gearsets and other components through the input shaft.

Geartrain
Power is transmitted from the torque converter to the geartrain components through the input shaft and forward clutch cylinder.
^ By holding or driving certain members of the gearset, four forward ratios and one reverse ratio are obtained and transmitted to the output shaft. The ratios are as follows:





Gear Ratio

Input Shaft
The input shaft is supported by two bushings in the stator support. End positioning of the input shaft is controlled by the splines in the converter turbine and the overdrive planet assembly.

Output Shaft
The output shaft is supported by two bushings in the case and by the slip-yoke and bushing in the extension housing. End positioning is controlled by the parking pawl gear and snap ring or shoulder and by the reverse ring gear hub and snap ring.





Overdrive System
The overdrive planetary system consists of the overdrive planet assembly, overdrive sun gear, overdrive ring gear, coast clutch cylinder, overdrive one-way clutch assembly and the center shaft. The overdrive planet assembly is splined to the input shaft. The overdrive sun gear is centered by a bushing on the input shaft and held in place laterally by needle bearings on the reactor support and the overdrive planet assembly. The overdrive sun gear is splined to the coast clutch cylinder, which in turn is splined to the overdrive one-way clutch inner race.

The outer race of the one-way clutch is splined to the overdrive ring gear, which is splined to the center shaft. The center shaft is centered by the forward planetary assembly and is laterally held by needle bearings on the center support and the overdrive planet assembly. The center shaft is splined into the forward clutch cylinder.

The coast clutch is splined between the coast clutch cylinder and the overdrive ring gear. The coast clutch is activated to carry out engine braking in MANUAL 1, MANUAL 2 and third gear with the transmission control switch engaged.

The overdrive clutch steel plates are splined to the case, the friction plates are splined to the coast clutch cylinder. The overdrive clutch holds the coast clutch cylinder and, in turns the overdrive sun gear, to permit the planet assembly to overdrive the ring gear.