Electronic Ignition (EI) System Diagnosis
Electronic Ignition System Diagnosis
Diagnostic Instructions
* Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
* Review Strategy Based Diagnosis Strategy Based Diagnosis for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
* Diagnostic Procedure Instructions Diagnostic Procedure Instructions provides an overview of each diagnostic category.
Circuit/System Description
This ignition system uses individual ignition module/coil assemblies for each cylinder. The engine control module (ECM) controls the spark events by transmitting the timing pulses on the ignition control (IC) circuits to the individual ignition module/coil assemblies in firing order sequence. Each ignition module/coil has the following circuits:
* An ignition 1 voltage circuit
* A ground circuit
* An IC circuit
* A low reference circuit
Diagnostic Aids
* This test procedure requires that the vehicle battery has passed a load test and is completely charged.
* There is an adequate supply of fuel in the fuel tank.
* When disconnecting electrical connectors or removing fuses and relays from a fuse block, always inspect both mating electrical terminals for corrosion and terminal tightness.
* Use the J 35616 for any test that requires probing the underhood fuse block terminals, component wire harness terminals, or the ECM wire harness terminals.
Reference Information
Schematic Reference
Engine Controls Schematics [1][2]Electrical Diagrams
Connector End View Reference
Component Connector End Views 1-2 Shift Solenoid (SS) Valve (M30)
Electrical Information Reference
* Circuit Testing Circuit Testing
* Connector Repairs Connector Repairs
* Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections
* Wiring Repairs Wiring Repairs
Scan Tool Reference
Control Module References Control Module References for scan tool information
Special Tools
* J 26792 Spark Plug Tester
* J 35616-A/BT-8637 Connector Test Adapter Kit
Circuit/System Verification
Observe the Engine Controls Schematic for the ignition module/coils, and review the Ignition System Specifications to verify the following concerns:
* The ignition modules/coils are correctly wired and connected
* The proper spark plug type
* The proper spark plug gap and torque
* The proper ohm values for the spark plug wires
Refer to Ignition System Specifications [1][2]Specifications.
Circuit/System Testing
1. Turn OFF the ignition.
Important:
This engine application uses 2 fuses, one for each bank, to supply ignition 1 voltage to the ignition module/coil assemblies and also to the fuel injectors. A good indication that a fuse is open is that all 4 misfire counters are incrementing on one side of the engine
2. Inspect both fuses that supply ignition voltage to the ignition module/coils.
• If a fuse is open, test all 8 ignition voltage circuits to the ignition module/coils or the fuel injectors on that engine bank, for a short to ground.
3. Disconnect the 4 ignition module/coil, and the 4 fuel injector electrical connectors, for the engine bank that has the open fuse.
4. Replace the open fuse with a new fuse.
5. Ignition ON, engine OFF.
6. Reconnect each ignition module/coil, and fuel injector electrical connectors, one at a time.
• If the fuse opens when connecting an ignition module/coil or fuel injector electrical connector, then replace the component that caused the fuse to open.
7. Ignition OFF, disconnect the appropriate ignition module/coil electrical connector.
8. Ignition ON, verify that a test lamp illuminates between the ignition voltage circuit and ground.
• If the test lamp does not illuminate test the ignition voltage circuit for an open/high resistance.
9. Verify that a test lamp illuminates between the ignition module/coil ground circuit and B+.
• If the test lamp does not illuminate, test the ignition module/coil ground circuit for an open/high resistance.
10. Inspect and measure the resistance of the spark plug wire. Refer to Spark Plug Wire Inspection Testing and Inspection and Ignition System Specifications [1][2]Specifications.
• If the resistance value is not within the specified range, or does not pass the inspection, replace the spark plug wire.
11. Exchange the misfiring cylinder, ignition module/coil assembly with the ignition module/coil assembly from a non-misfiring cylinder.
12. Start and idle the engine. Observe the misfire counters on the scan tool.
• If the misfire transfers with the suspect ignition module/coil, then replace the ignition module/coil assembly.
• If the misfire does not transfer with the suspect ignition module/coil, then measure the resistance of the IC circuit. The IC circuit should measure less than 5 ohms. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM.
Component Testing
* Use the Spark Plug Inspection procedure to verify the integrity of the spark plugs. Refer to Spark Plug Inspection Testing and Inspection. Replace the spark plug if necessary.
Important:
An erratic or weak spark is considered a no spark condition.
* Use the J 26792 to verify the output of each ignition module/coil. If no spark is detected across the gap of the spark plug tester, then replace the ignition module/coil assembly.
Repair Instructions
Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification Verification Tests after completing the diagnostic procedure.
* Engine Control Module Programming and Setup (Gasoline Engines) Testing and InspectionEngine Control Module Programming and Setup (LGH or LML) Testing and Inspection
* Engine Control Module Replacement Service and Repair
* Ignition Coil Replacement Service and Repair
* Spark Plug Replacement Service and Repair