Part 1

Instrument Cluster

COMPONENT LOCATION - UK









NOTE:
The 'Rest of World' instrument cluster is the same as the UK instrument cluster but does not have a miles per hour (mph) scale on the speedometer.


COMPONENT LOCATION - NORTH AMERICA









OVERVIEW
The instrument cluster is located in the instrument panel, above the steering column. The instrument cluster comprises analogue gages and a number of warning indicator lamps to display system status. High line instrument clusters also feature a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) message center to provide vehicle operation details to the driver. The message center is located in a central position in the high line instrument cluster. For additional information, refer to Information and Message Center Description and Operation Low line instrument clusters feature warning indicator lamps in place of the message center.

ANALOGUE GAGES

Tachometer
The tachometer is located on the Left Hand (LH) side of the instrument cluster and displays engine speeds of up to 8000 Revolutions Per Minute (RPM) on petrol variants, and 6000 RPM on diesel variants. The tachometer is driven by an engine speed signal, which originates from the Crankshaft Position (CKP) sensor. This signal is transmitted over the high speed Controller Area Network (CAN) bus by the Engine Control Module (ECM). The Central Junction Box (CJB) acts as a gateway and transmits the engine speed signal to the instrument cluster on the medium speed CAN bus. The signal is received by the instrument cluster microprocessor and the output from the microprocessor drives the tachometer.

Engine Temperature Gage
The engine temperature gage is located in the center of the instrument cluster and is driven by medium speed CAN bus messages from the CJB. The CJB receives an Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) signal from the ECM over the high speed CAN bus when the vehicle enters power mode 6 (ignition on). The needle pointer position translates to the following approximate temperatures.





If the ECT signal rises above 118 °C (244 °F) on diesel vehicles, or 127 °C (260 °F) on petrol vehicles, the instrument cluster will illuminate the high ECT warning indicator. If the instrument cluster fails to receive an ECT signal from the CJB, the engine coolant temperature gage will move to the 'end of hot' position and the warning indicator will be illuminated.

Fuel Level Gage
The fuel level gage is located in the center of the instrument cluster and displays fuel tank contents when the vehicle is in power mode 6. When the ignition is switched off, the pointer returns to the park position.
Two Magnetic Passive Position Sensors (MAPPS) are located in the saddle type fuel tank, one on either side. The resistance values for both sensors are measured by the CJB through a series of hardwired connections. The CJB converts both values to medium speed CAN messages for delivery to the instrument cluster. The instrument cluster uses the 2 CAN bus messages to calculate the total amount of fuel in both halves of the tank. The instrument cluster will also damp the total fuel value to eliminate constant pointer movement due to fuel moving in the tank.
The following table shows the approximate fuel tank level and the respective needle pointer position.





If the instrument cluster fails to receive the fuel level signals from the CJB the fuel level gage will move to the empty position and the low fuel level indicator will be illuminated.

Speedometer
The speedometer is located on the Right Hand (RH) side of the cluster and is available in 3 variants:
- Major scale mph, minor scale kilometers per hour (kph)
- Major scale kph, minor scale mph
- Major scale kph only.
The speedometer is driven by medium speed CAN bus signals transmitted by the CJB. The vehicle speed signal is provided to the CJB by the Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) module over the high speed CAN bus and is an average of all 4 wheel speed sensor signals.
The speedometer also incorporates the odometer. For additional information, refer to Information and Message Center Description and Operation

WARNING INDICATORS









The low line instrument cluster contains 39 indicators, the high line instrument cluster 27. The indicators in high line instrument clusters are supplemented by messages in the message center. For additional information, refer to Information and Message Center Description and Operation
The warning indicators can be split into 2 groups; self controlled and externally controlled. Self controlled warning indicators are dependent on software logic within the instrument cluster for activation. Externally controlled indicators are supplied with current from another system controlling module or illuminated by the instrument cluster on receipt of a medium speed CAN bus message from the CJB.

Ignition/No Charge Indicator
The ignition/no charge indicator is controlled by the instrument cluster software and illuminated by medium speed CAN bus signals from the ECM via the CJB. The indicator illuminates in a red color when the vehicle enters power mode 6 and is extinguished when the engine is started.
If the indicator remains illuminated after the engine has started or illuminates when driving, the alternator charge output has failed.

Low Oil Pressure Warning Indicator
The low oil pressure warning indicator is illuminated by the instrument cluster on receipt of a medium speed CAN bus signal from the CJB. The signal originates in the ECM and is generated by the engine oil level sensor on petrol vehicles and the engine oil pressure sensor on diesel vehicles.
The indicator illuminates in a red color when the vehicle enters power mode 6 for a 3 second bulb check. If the bulb subsequently illuminates when the engine is running, the engine should be stopped immediately it is safe to do so.

Malfunction Indicator Lamp
The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) is illuminated by the instrument cluster on receipt of a medium speed CAN bus signal from the CJB. The signal originates in the ECM and is generated if an On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) fault has been detected which will cause excessive emissions output. This may relate to either an engine management or transmission fault.
The MIL is illuminated in an amber color when the vehicle enters power mode 6 for a 3 second bulb check. The bulb check in this instance is carried out by the ECM via the CJB, not the instrument cluster. If the MIL subsequently illuminates the vehicle should be interrogated using the Land Rover approved diagnostic system at the earliest opportunity.

Safety Belt Warning Indicator
The safety belt warning indicator will illuminate in a red color on receipt of a medium speed CAN bus signal from the CJB. The signal originates in the Restraints Control Module (RCM), which monitors the status of the occupant classification system and switches located in the safety belt buckles.
Three variations of warning are available depending on vehicle configuration:
- Reminder (all vehicles except North American Specification (NAS) vehicles)
- Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 208 reminder (NAS vehicles only)
- Belt Minder
The conditions for safety belt warning indicator illumination are as follows:

Reminder
- Vehicle in power mode 6
- Drivers safety belt not secured in its buckle
- Large passenger detected in front passenger seat with an unsecured safety belt.
The warning indicator will remain illuminated until either the ignition is switched off or conditions 2 and 3 no longer exist.

FMVSS-208 Reminder
- Vehicle in power mode 6
- Drivers safety belt not secured in its buckle.
The warning indicator will remain illuminated for 65 seconds and will be accompanied by a single 6 second chime from the instrument cluster sounder.

NOTE:
The warning indicator and chime will not activate if these conditions arise 75 seconds after the vehicle has entered power mode 6.
The warning indicator will be extinguished and the sounder cancelled if the ignition is switched off or the driver's safety belt is secured in its buckle.

Belt Minder
- Vehicle in power mode 6 (all vehicles except NAS vehicles)
- Vehicle in power mode 6 for 75 seconds (NAS vehicles only)
- Vehicle speed is greater than 6 mph (10 kph)
- Drivers safety belt not secured in its buckle
- Large passenger detected in front passenger seat with an unsecured safety belt.
The warning indicator will flash at a frequency of 2 Hz while accompanied by a chime from the instrument cluster for 10 seconds. This is followed by a 10 second period where the warning indicator is permanently illuminated and the sounder is silent. This 10 second cycle will be repeated for a maximum of 190 seconds or any of the conditions listed above cease to exist.

Supplemental Restraint System Warning Indicator
The Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) warning indicator is illuminated on receipt of a medium speed CAN bus signal from the CJB. The signal originates in the RCM which monitors the condition of the SRS and illuminates the red warning indicator accordingly.
The SRS warning indicator is illuminated by the RCM for a 6 second bulb check when the vehicle first enters power mode 6. If a fault is detected with the indicator, the instrument cluster returns a medium speed CAN bus signal via the CJB to the RCM and a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) is stored in the RCM's memory. The message 'SrS' will also be displayed in the odometer. For additional information, refer to Information and Message Center Description and Operation

Left and Right Hand Turn Signal Indicators
The green left and right hand turn signal indicators are illuminated on receipt of medium speed CAN bus signals from the CJB. The CJB provides a CAN bus signal with one of the following values:
- 0 - LH steering column multi-function switch in the central position
- 1 - LH steering column multi-function switch in the LH turn position
- 2 - LH steering column multi-function switch in the RH turn position
- 3 - Hazard flashers requested.
If the vehicle is in power mode 6 the instrument cluster will flash the appropriate turn signal indicator if a medium speed CAN bus signal is received with a value of 1 or 2. Medium speed CAN bus signals with a value of 3 will activate both the LH and RH turn signal indicators simultaneously irrespective of power mode.
When activated, the left and right hand turn signal indicators will be accompanied by 'tick tock' chimes from the instrument cluster sounder.

Brake Warning Indicator
EBA and EBD warnings are transmitted to the CJB from the ABS module over the high speed CAN bus. These signals are relayed to the instrument cluster on the medium speed CAN bus and will activate the brake warning indicator when the vehicle is in power mode 6. If an EBA warning is requested, the indicator will illuminate in an amber color. If an EBD warning is requested, the indicator will illuminate in a red color.
Low brake fluid level warnings are also transmitted to the instrument cluster from the CJB on the medium speed CAN bus. The signal originates in the ABS module which receives a hardwired input from the brake fluid level sensor. If a low brake fluid warning is requested, the indicator will illuminate in a red color when the vehicle is in power mode 6.
The brake warning indicator is also subject to a 3 second bulb check when the vehicle first enters power mode 6. The indicator will illuminate in a amber color for 1.5 seconds then a red color for 1.5 seconds.

High Engine Coolant Temperature Warning Indicator
The red high Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) warning indicator is controlled by the engine temperature gage software (see above).

Headlamp High Beam Indicator
The blue headlamp high beam indicator is illuminated on receipt of a medium speed CAN bus signal from the CJB. The signal originates in the light switch module and is transmitted to the CJB over the LIN bus. The instrument cluster will only illuminate the headlamp high beam indicator when the vehicle is in power mode 6 and the LH steering column multi-function switch is moved to the high beam position.

Tire Pressure Monitoring System Indicator
The Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) indicator is controlled by the instrument cluster on receipt of medium speed CAN bus signals from the CJB. The signal originates in the TPMS module. The indicator is illuminated in an amber color for a 3 second bulb check by the TPMS module when the vehicle enters power mode 6. If the indicator remains illuminated or flashes after the engine is started or when driving, the TPMS has developed a fault. The tire pressures should be monitored manually until the fault is rectified. For additional information, refer to Wheels and Tires Description and Operation