Navigation System: Description and Operation
Navigation System
Component Location
OVERVIEW
The navigation system provides audible and visual route guidance information to enable the driver to reach a desired destination. The system allows the driver to choose the desired route using minor or major roads or highways with the option of three routes. Directions to hospitals, museums, monuments and hotels are also available. Map information stored on a hard drive located within the TSD (touch screen display) is used to determine the best route for the journey and provide the driver with details of directions and approaching junctions.
If the vehicle requires a map upgrade or a new region loading an enabling code along with the map data must be purchased. Map upgrades to the hard drive unit need to be carried out by a Land Rover dealer using Land Rover approved diagnostic equipment.
TRAFFIC MESSAGE CHANNEL (TMC)
The Traffic Message Channel (TMC) traffic data is currently broadcast in many European countries.
TMC is a function of the FM (frequency modulation) Radio Data System (RDS). The system broadcasts real-time traffic and weather information. TMC information is received via the normal FM radio antenna.
The TMC (Traffic Message Channel) is a function of the FM RDS (Radio Data System). The system broadcasts real-time traffic and weather information. Data messages are received and decoded by the TSD (touch screen display) and passed onto the navigation system advising the driver of any evasive action required during the journey.
TMC traffic information systems conform to a global standard that has been adopted by:
- traffic data gatherers
- Information service providers
- Broadcasters
- Vehicle/receiver manufacturers
All TMC receivers use the same list of event codes, while the location database (on the map disc) contains both a country-specific set of location codes for the strategic European road network.
VEHICLE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM (VICS)
The Vehicle Information and Communication System (VICS) is broadcast in the Japanese market.
The VICS system supplies the navigation computer with information that enables the computer to inform the vehicle driver of traffic conditions in the vehicle's vicinity and calculate an alternative route if necessary. Information is transmitted to the navigation system through three routes:
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Radio Frequency Transmission
Radio frequency transmission is generally transmitted from road side beacons mainly on highways. The information transmitted is:
- Traffic congestion
- Travel time to next intersection
- Traffic conditions in surrounding areas and highway junctions
- Traffic accidents
- Speed limits
- Lane regulations
- Tire change
- Parking availability at highway service areas and parking areas.
Infra-red Transmission
Infra-red transmission is received by the beacon antenna mounted on the top of the instrument panel. Infra-red transmissions are transmitted from road side beacons on major trunk roads. The information transmitted is:
- Traffic congestion and travel time
- Traffic accidents
- Breakdowns
- Road works restrictions
- Parking availability.
FM (frequency modulation) Transmissions
FM (frequency modulation) transmissions are received via the FM antenna, broadcast as part of the normal RDS FM transmission. The information transmitted is:
- Traffic congestion and travel time for wide areas
- Traffic accidents, road works, speed limits and lane restrictions for a wide area
- Parking availability information.
CONTROL DIAGRAM
NOTE:
A = Hardwired; N = Medium speed CAN bus; O = LIN bus; P = MOST; AF = Firewire
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
The system used to calculate the current position of the vehicle is called the Global Positioning System (GPS). Satellites transmit radio signals to provide information about the satellite's position, for example the latitude, longitude, altitude, almanac data and an accurate time signal generated by an on-board atomic clock. Each satellite contains four atomic clocks.
The vehicle needs to receive data from at least four different satellites to give a three dimensional fix on its current position.
As the vehicle moves, this information is continually being updated. The TSD determines which satellites are 'visible' to the system and their current position and relationship to each other. Using this information the TSD can account for positional deviations of the satellites and compensate to enhance the accuracy of the navigation system.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) signal is also known as the Precision Positioning Signal (PPS).
PPS predictable accuracy is:
- 22 meters horizontal accuracy
- 27.7 meters vertical accuracy
- 200 nanoseconds time accuracy.
The navigation system receives GPS information via the GPS antenna. The GPS signals are used by the TSD to calculate the vehicles position. Once the driver has entered a destination, the TSD can calculate a route, based on the driver's pre-determined preferences or the default settings in the TSD.
The navigation system receives GPS (global positioning system) information via the GPS antenna. The GPS signals are used by the TSD to calculate the vehicles position. Once the driver has input a desired destination the TSD can calculate a route, based on the drivers pre-determined preferences or the default settings in the TSD.
The navigation system is accessed by pressing the navigation soft key on the touch screen display.
Navigation is initiated by the driver entering a destination. This can be achieved by:
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- Entering in an address using the touch screen display.
- Entering a post code.
- Choosing a previous destination
- Choosing a point of interest from the hard drive database.
- Choosing the home location
- Choosing a memory stored location.
The driver is then guided to the destination by a scrolling map display and voice guidance. The display can be varied by scale and display type.
In addition to the navigation system there are two market dependant systems that supply extra information to the navigation system and the driver. These are:
- Traffic Message Channel (TMC) - Europe only.
- Vehicle Information and Communication System (VICS) - Japan only.
NAVIGATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Touch Screen Display (TSD)
The Touch Screen Display (TSD) is located in the center of the instrument panel and is the driver control interface for the navigation system. The TSD is connected to the MOST ring and communicates with the other components in the audio/infotainment system.
The TSD also provides driver display and control of the audio system, telephone, the proximity cameras, the Venture Cam, the Traffic Message Channel, the rear seat entertainment, the timed climate control and the alarm system valet mode.
The TSD is a seven inch touch sensitive, 1280 X 480 pixels LCD (liquid crystal display) VGA screen.
Microphone
The microphone is located in the front interior lamp console. The standard, directional type microphone is connected to the Integrated Head Unit (IHU) for voice recognition of the navigation system and the telephone. The microphone has an integrated noise suppression system for hands-free telephone use.
TMC Antenna Amplifier
The TMC antenna amplifier is located in the upper tail door, adjacent to the center high mounted stop lamp. The amplifier is connected to the FM (frequency modulation) antenna which is integral with the rear screen.
Roof Mounted Antenna Pod
The roof mounted pod contains several antennas:
- GPS antenna
- SDARS antenna (NAS only).
- DAB antenna (band-L)
The roof mounted pod is a standard fit on all vehicles.
VICS Beacon Antenna (Japan only)
The VICS beacon is located on top of the instrument panel on the right hand side. The beacon is located in an additional base attached to the top of the instrument panel and secured with a self adhesive pad. The beacon is connected to the touch screen display (TSD) via a screened co-axial cable.
VICS Antenna Amplifier (Japan only)
The VICS antenna amplifier is located in the upper tail door, below the center high mounted stop lamp. The amplifier is connected to the VICS receiver via a screened co-axial cable.
NAVIGATION SYSTEM DIAGNOSTICS
The TSD has an on-board diagnostics capability to allow the functionality of the following to be tested:
- Hard Key Test
- Touch screen test
- DTC information
- Vehicle configuration
- Configuration
- Vehicle signals
- Video inputs
- Self test
- Color Bar
- Software loading
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- HDD (hard disc drive) information
- Vehicle information
- Microphone
- Voice output check
Use the following procedure to access to the diagnostic screens.
- Place vehicle into power mode 6
- Press the 'HOME' physical button
- In a central position at the top of the TSD, press the screen and hold for more than 5 seconds
- In the top LH corner of the TSD, press the screen and hold for more than 5 seconds, A 'Diag PIN Entry' entry box will appear.
- Enter the diagnostic PIN entry code of '753' and press the 'OK' virtual icon on the TSD. An 'On-Screen Diagnostics' menu screen will appear.
There are two diagnostic menu screens.
Diagnostic menu one contains the following options:
- Hard Key Test
- Touch screen test
- DTC information
- Vehicle configuration
- Configuration
- Vehicle signals
- Video inputs
- Self test
Diagnostic menu 2 contains the following options:
- Color Bar
- Software loading
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- HDD (hard disc drive) information
- Vehicle information
- Microphone
- Voice output check
Hard Key Test
The hard key test is a function that allows all the TSD physical buttons to be tested whilst being displayed in the TSD.
Touch Screen Test
The touch screen test function allows the TSD virtual keys to be tested and calibrated, when the touch screen test function is selected the user is given two options 'Screen Calibration and 'Touch Screen Test'.
DTC Information
The DTC information function will perform a 'SELF CHECK' an internal diagnostic routine and display any DTC (diagnostic trouble codes) found.
Vehicle Configurations
The vehicle configuration function allow the user to view the vehicle configurations.
Configurations
The configuration function shows the TSD configurations.
Vehicle Signals
The vehicle signals function allows the user to view vehicle senor signals and voltages.
Video Inputs
The video inputs function allows the user to set the TSD formats for the companion camera, rear view/proximity cameras and the TV and DVD.
Color Bar
The Color bar function allows the user to view the TSD Color bars.
Loading
The Loading function is used for uploading navigation software via the navigation update socket.
HDD Information
The HDD function allows the user to view the hard drive serial number, operation time and model information. There is also a smart check function withing the HDD information.
Vehicle Information
The vehicle information function allows the user to view vehicle configurations, GPS information and vehicle sensors. Japanese vehicles will also have a VICS option which will allow the user to look at the radio wave and infrared beacon signals along with the FM multi signal.
Microphone
The microphone function allows the user to test the microphone input level.
Voice Output Check
The voice output check allows the user to test the output level when voice recognition is activated.
VOICE RECOGNITION
The voice recognition system controls the following systems (where fitted):
- Telephone
- Notepad
- Navigation.
The voice recognition software is contained in the Touch Screen Display (TSD). The microphone is hardwired to the TSD for voice control and the IHU for telephone. The TSD will allow voice control of the telephone system, the Notepad and the navigation system. The TSD has limited language capability with German, French, Italian, Spanish, Dutch, USA and UK supported.
The voice recognition system enables the driver to activate functions of the system without operating controls manually. This allows the driver to concentrate on driving the vehicle, improving safety. When the driver speaks one of the defined voice commands, with the voice recognition system active, the voice recognition software converts the command into a control signal for the system.
The Notepad function allows the driver to record notes of up to 30 seconds in length.
Voice Control Activation
The voice control system is controlled and activated using the Voice button located on the RH (right-hand) steering wheel switch module. Press the switch once briefly to start a voice session and press and hold to cancel a voice session.
When a voice session is started, a tone will be emitted to indicate the system is waiting for a voice command from the driver.
Once a spoken command has been given, the system will repeat the command as understood by the system as confirmation. The command will be then be performed by the relevant system or the system will ask for further clarification of the command. Always wait until after the tone is heard before giving any further commands.
If a command is not understood by the system, it will respond with the response "Sorry". The driver then has two further attempts to give the command. If the system still does not understand the command, the voice session is cancelled.
Briefly pressing the Voice button during a voice session will interrupt the audible feedback. Wait for the tone to sound before giving the next command.
A command can be cancelled by the driver giving the command "Cancel" or by pressing and holding the voice button.
A double tone indicates the voice session has been cancelled.
Refer to the Owners Handbook for details of command lists and voice control of the telephone, notepad and navigation systems.
4X4 INFORMATION
System Functions
The 4X4 information system uses data from other systems to obtain the displayed information. The data is received from the CAN (controller area network).
Steering Angle
The steering angle is obtained from information broadcast by the steering angle sensor on the CAN (controller area network). The sensor signal is used to display the orientation of the steered wheels in relation to a plan view of the chassis layout. The steering angle is displayed by one of thirteen graphics to show the full range of steering angle from lock to lock in increments of 5 degrees from the straight ahead position.
Transfer Case
The transfer case currently active setting is obtained from information broadcast by the transfer case control module on the CAN (controller area network). The display can show low range, high range or neutral selection. The selected range icon flashes if a ratio change is in progress.
When neutral is selected, the display shows an 'N'. If the transfer case is in neutral but the automatic transmission is not in neutral, the selected gear on the transmission flashes until neutral is selected on the selector lever.
Hill Descent Control (HDC)
The HDC system current operating condition is obtained from information broadcast by the ABS (anti-lock brake system) control module on the CAN (controller area network). The display can show HDC functionality states with the HDC icon illuminated in a green or amber color. If HDC is not selected, no HDC icon is displayed. For additional information refer to the Anti-Lock Control - Traction Control section.
Automatic Transmission
The automatic transmission current selected gear is received from a CAN (controller area network) transmission from the transmission control module. The display shows the current selector lever position of P, R, N, D, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. The gear position is displayed in a central position above the transfer case range icon.
Air Suspension
The air suspension status information is obtained from information broadcast on the CAN (controller area network) by the air suspension control module. The display comprises six different screen displays to show all air suspension height states and transition states. During a height change the arrow head between the wheels flashes. The green line denotes the suspension position above, below or at the standard height setting. The selected height is confirmed by a symbol and text confirming the suspension status.
Wheel Height
The wheel height status information is obtained from information broadcast on the CAN (controller area network) by the air suspension control module. The wheel heights are measured by the four individual height sensors and processed by the air suspension control module.
The position of each wheel relative to the vehicle body is displayed. Upper and lower wheel travel markers are shown as white lines above and below each wheel. The positions of the wheel markers move according the air suspension height selected. When the suspension is at off-road height, the position of the travel markers move upwards to represent the 55 mm of vehicle body movement when in this mode. When the suspension is at access height, the position of the travel markers move downwards to represent the 50 mm of vehicle body movement when in this mode. When the suspension is in off-road or access height, the positions of the suspension and wheel travel markers are displayed as blue lines to show their relative positions in standard height mode.
When the maximum wheel travel is reached, the travel marker changes to an amber color and flashes for as long as the maximum travel condition exists.
Compass
The compass information is obtained from the navigation computer. The compass view is the same compass view which is also displayed when the navigation system is in off-road navigation mode. The compass view replaces the wheel and body height view in the TSD. Compass view can be accessed by pressing the compass icon on the TSD. Pressing the chassis icon reverts the display back to the chassis view.
The compass view shows a plan view of the vehicle on a compass face. Depending on the compass display mode set in the navigation system, the compass can display a rotating vehicle view which moves to indicate the heading against the fixed compass points. If the heading up mode is selected in the navigation system, the vehicle view pointer will remain fixed vertically and the compass points will rotate to indicate the vehicle heading.
Venture Cam
For additional information refer to the Video system.