Navigation System: Description and Operation

NAVIGATION: NAVIGATION SYSTEM: SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

1. Navigation system outline
(a) Vehicle position tracking methods
It is essential that the navigation system correctly tracks the current vehicle position and displays it on the map. There are 2 methods to track the current vehicle position: autonomous (dead reckoning) and GPS* (satellite) navigation. Both navigation methods are used in conjunction with each other.
*GPS (Global Positioning System)












HINT:
The combination of autonomous and GPS navigation makes it possible to display the vehicle position even when the vehicle is in places where the GPS radio wave cannot receive a signal. When only autonomous navigation is used, however, the mapping accuracy may slightly decline.

(b) Autonomous navigation
This method determines the relative vehicle position based on the running track determined by the gyro and vehicle speed sensors located in the navigation ECU.
(1) Gyro sensor
Calculates the direction by detecting angular velocity. It is located in the navigation ECU.
(2) Vehicle speed sensor
Used to calculate the vehicle running distance.
(c) GPS navigation (Satellite navigation)
This method detects the absolute vehicle position using radio waves from a GPS satellite.
* GPS satellites were launched by the U.S. Department of Defence for military purposes.









(d) Map matching
The current driving route is calculated by autonomous navigation (according to the gyro sensor and vehicle speed sensor) and GPS navigation. This information is then compared with possible road shapes from the map data in the map disc and the vehicle position is set onto the most appropriate road.





2. DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) player outline (for navigation map)
(a) The navigation ECU uses a laser pickup to read the digital signals recorded on a DVD.
HINT:
- Do not disassemble any part of the navigation ECU.
- Do not apply oil to the navigation ECU.
- Do not insert anything but a DVD into the navigation ECU.
CAUTION:
Do not look directly at the laser pickup because the navigation ECU uses an invisible laser beam.
Be sure to only operate the navigation system as instructed.

3. DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) player outline (for Radio receiver (Built-in DVD changer))
(a) Usable discs
(1) DVD player




(2) Precaution for use of discs
NOTICE:
- PAL or SECAM color television standard discs cannot be played. (Only NTSC discs can be played.)
- Keep the discs away from dirt. Be careful not to damage the discs or leave your fingerprints on them.
- Hold discs by the outer edge and center hole with the label side up.
- Leaving the disc exposed halfway out of the slot for a long time after pressing the disc eject button may cause deformation of the disc, marking the disc unusable.
- Do not use odd-shaped CDs because these may cause player malfunctions.
- Do not use discs whose recording portion is transparent or translucent because they may not be inserted, ejected, or played normally.

4. Multi-display outline
(a) Touch switch
Touch switches are touch-sensitive (interactive) switches operated by touching the screen. When a switch is pressed, the outer glass bends in to contact the inner glass at the pressed position. By doing this, the voltage ratio is measured and the pressed position is detected.





5. AVC-LAN Description
(a) What is AVC-LAN?
AVC-LAN, an abbreviation for "Audio Visual Communication Local Area Network", is a united standard developed by the manufacturers in affiliation with Toyota Motor Corporation. This standard pertains to audio and visual signals as well as switch and communication signals.





(b) Purpose:
Recently, car audio systems have rapidly developed and the functions have vastly changed. The conventional car audio system is being integrated with multi-media interfaces similar to those in navigation systems. At the same time, customers are demanding higher quality from their audio systems. This is merely an overview of the standardization background. The specific purposes are as follows:
(1) To solve sound problems, etc. caused by using components of different manufacturers through signal standardization.
(2) To allow each manufacturer to concentrate on developing products they do best. From this, reasonably priced products can be produced.
HINT:
- If a short to +B or short to ground is detected in the AVC-LAN circuit, communication is interrupted and the audio system will stop functioning.
- If an audio system is equipped with a navigation system, the multi-display unit acts as the master unit.
If the navigation system is not equipped, the audio head unit acts as the master unit instead. If the radio and navigation assembly is equipped, it is the master unit.
- The radio receiver contains a resistor that is necessary to enable communication on the different AVC-LAN circuits.
- The car audio system with an AVC-LAN circuit has a diagnostic function.
- Each component has a specified number (3-digit) called a physical address. Each function has a number (2-digit) called a logical address.

6. Communication system outline
(a) Components of the navigation system communicate with each other via the AVC-LAN.
(b) The radio receiver has enough resistance (60 to 80 Ohms) necessary for communication.
(c) If a short circuit or open circuit occurs in the AVC-LAN circuit, communication is interrupted and the navigation system will stop functioning.
7. Diagnostic function outline
(a) The audio system has a diagnostic function (the result is indicated on the master unit).
(b) A 3-digit hexadecimal component code (physical address) is allocated to each component on the AVC-LAN. Using this code, the component in the diagnostic function can be displayed.
8. Bluetooth outline
(a) Bluethooth is a trademark owned by Bluetooth SIG. Inc.
(b) Bluetooth is a new wireless connection technology that uses the 2.4 GHz frequency band. This makes it possible to connect a cellular phone (Bluetooth compatible phone*1) to the multi-display (the Bluetooth system is built in), and use a hands-free function of the cellular phone, even if it is in a pocket or bag. As a result, it is not necessary to use a connector attached directly to the cellular phone.
*1: Some versions of Bluetooth compatible cellular phones may not function.




HINT:
The communication performance of Bluetooth may vary depending on obstructions or radio wave conditions between communication devices, electromagnetic radiation, communication device sensitivity, or antenna capacity.

SYSTEM DIAGRAM