Front Wheel Alignment
ALIGNMENT / HANDLING DIAGNOSIS: FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT: ADJUSTMENT
NOTICE:
If the wheel alignment has been adjusted, or if suspension or underbody components have been removed/installed or replaced, be sure to perform the following initialization procedure in order for the system to function normally.
(a) Disconnect the cable from the negative battery terminal for more than 2 seconds.
(b) Reconnect the cable to the negative battery terminal.
(c) Perform zero point calibration of the yaw rate and acceleration sensor and test mode inspection.
HINT
Programming and Relearning
1. INSPECT FRONT SUSPENSION
(a) Inspect the front suspension member.
(1) Measure the dimension between the center of the installation bolts of the front lower suspension arm.
Standard:
692.5 to 699.5 mm (2.27 to 2.30 ft.)
If the result is not within the specification, replace the front suspension member.
(b) Inspect the front lower suspension arm assembly.
(1) Remove the front lower suspension arm assembly Removal.
(2) Measure the dimension between the center of the front lower suspension arm assembly bush and the center of position A.
Standard:
362 to 364.6 mm (1.19 to 1.20 ft.)
If the dimension of the front lower suspension arm assembly changes 2 mm (0.079 in.), the camber will change approximately 15' (0.25°).
(c) Inspect the front upper suspension arm assembly.
(1) Remove the front upper suspension arm assembly Removal.
(2) Measure the dimension between the center of the front upper suspension arm assembly bush and the center of the ball joint stud.
Standard:
A
241 to 242.6 mm (9.49 to 9.55 in.)
B
215.1 to 216.7 mm (8.47 to 8.53 in.)
If the dimension of the front upper suspension arm assembly changes 2 mm (0.0787 in.), the camber will change approximately 15' (0.25°).
2. INSPECT TIRES
Component Tests and General Diagnostics
3. MEASURE VEHICLE HEIGHT
(a) Bounce the vehicle at the corners up and down to stabilize the suspension and inspect the vehicle height.
NOTICE:
* Before inspecting the wheel alignment, adjust the vehicle height to the specified value.
* Be sure to perform measurement on a level surface.
* If it is required to go under the vehicle for measurement, confirm that the parking brake is applied and the vehicle is secured with chocks.
Vehicle Height:
Measuring points:
A
Ground clearance of front wheel center.
B
Ground clearance of front center position of front suspension lower arm assembly front bushing installation bolt head.
C
Ground clearance of front wheel center.
D
Ground clearance of rear center position of rear No. 2 suspension arm assembly bushing installation bolt threads.
4. INSPECT WHEEL ANGLE
(a) Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the turning radius gauge.
(b) Turn the steering wheel fully left and right and measure the turning angle.
Wheel Turning Angle:
If the right and left inside wheel angles differ from the specified range, check the lengths of the right and left rack ends.
5. INSPECT CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION
(a) Place a front wheel on the center of the turning radius gauge.
(b) Remove the center ornament.
(c) Install the camber-caster-kingpin gauge at the center of the axle hub or drive shaft.
(d) Inspect the camber, caster, and steering axis inclination.
Camber, Caster, and Steering Axis Inclination:
NOTICE:
* Inspect while the vehicle is unloaded.
* The maximum tolerance of right and left difference for the camber and caster is 30' (0.5°) or less.
(e) Remove the camber-caster-kingpin gauge.
(f) Install the center ornament.
If the caster and steering axis inclination are not within the specified range after the camber has been correctly adjusted, recheck the suspension parts for damaged and/or worn out parts.
6. ADJUST CASTER
(a) According to the cater measurement, select a lower No. 2 arm bracket.
Bracket Part No.
7. INSPECT TOE-IN
(a) Bounce the vehicle up and down at the corners to stabilize the suspension.
(b) Release the parking brake and move the shift lever to N.
(c) Push the vehicle straight ahead approximately 5 m (16.4 ft.) *1.
(d) Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the front wheels and measure the distance between the marks (dimension B).
(e) Slowly push the vehicle straight ahead to cause the front wheels to rotate 180° using a front tire pressure valve as a reference point.
HINT
Do not allow the wheels to rotate more than 180°. If the wheels rotate more than 180°, perform the procedure from *1 again.
(f) Measure the distance between the tread center marks on the front side of the wheels (dimension A).
Toe-in:
If the toe-in is not within the specified range, adjust it at the rack ends.
8. ADJUST TOE-IN
(a) Measure the thread lengths of the right and left rack ends.
Standard:
Difference in thread length is 1.5 mm (0.0591 in.) or less
(b) Remove the rack boot set clips.
(c) Loosen the tie rod end lock nuts.
(d) Adjust the rack ends if the difference in thread length between the right and left rack ends is not within the specified range.
(1) Extend the shorter rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the outer-side.
(2) Shorten the longer rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the inner-side.
(e) Turn the right and left rack ends by an equal amount to adjust toe-in.
HINT
Try to adjust toe-in to the center of the specified range.
(f) Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are the same.
(g) Tighten the tie rod end lock nuts.
Torque : 56 Nm (571 kgf-cm, 41 ft-lbf)
NOTICE:
Temporarily tighten the lock nut while holding the hexagonal part of the steering rack end so that the lock nut and the steering rack end do not turn together. Hold the notches on the tie rod end and tighten the lock nut.
(h) Place the boots on the seats and install the rack boot set clips.
HINT
Make sure that the boots are not twisted.
9. PLACE FRONT WHEELS FACING STRAIGHT AHEAD
10. DISCONNECT CABLE FROM NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL
NOTICE:
Disconnect the cable from the negative battery terminal for more than 2 seconds.
11. CONNECT CABLE TO NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL
12. PERFORM YAW RATE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION
HINT
Perform yaw rate sensor zero point calibration Programming and Relearning.
13. CHECK STEERING ANGLE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION
HINT
Check steering angle sensor zero point calibration C1290.