Charging System: Description and Operation

The electrical charging system is a negative ground system consisting of an integral alternator/voltage regulator (IVR), charge indicator, storage battery and the necessary wiring and cables.

With the ignition switch in the RUN position, voltage is applied through the charge indicator ``I'' circuit to the voltage regulator. This turns the regulator on allowing current to flow from the battery sense ``A'' circuit to the alternator field coil. When the engine is started, the alternator begins to generate alternating current (AC) which is converted to direct current (DC) by the rectifier assembly which is integrated into the alternator assembly.

This current is then supplied to the vehicles electrical system through the output stud located on the rear of the alternator assembly. Once the alternator begins generating current, a voltage signal is taken from the stator and is fed back to the regulator ``S'' circuit, turning off the charge indicator.

With the system functioning normally, the alternator output current is determined by the voltage at the ``A'' circuit voltage (battery sense voltage). The ``A'' circuit voltage is compared to a set voltage inside the regulator to maintain correct alternator output. The set voltage will vary with temperature and is typically higher in the winter than in the summer, allowing for better battery recharge in the winter and reducing the chance of overcharging the battery in the summer.