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C1297




Anti-Lock Control

Pinpoint Test C: DTCs C1222, C1296, C1297, C1298 and C1299

Normal Operation

The wheel speed sensor and sensor ring generates a square wave current signal to the ABS module that is proportional to the wheel speed. The ABS module compares the wheel speed inputs from all the wheel speed sensors to determine an impending wheel lockup. Incorrect tire size can set these DTCs as well.





This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following:

- ABS module

- Wheel speed sensor ring

- Wheel speed sensor

PINPOINT TEST C : DTCs C1222, C1296, C1297, C1298 AND C1299

NOTICE: Use the correct probe adapter(s) when making measurements. Failure to use the correct probe adapter(s) may damage the connector.

NOTE: If the ignition key is turned to the ON position when one or more wheel speed sensors are disconnected, the ABS module disables the output to that sensor. Make sure all test connections are made at the wheel speed sensors before turning the ignition key to the ON position.

C1 CHECK THE DTCs FROM THE SELF-TEST

- Review the DTCs retrieved during Inspection and Verification.

Is DTC C1145, C1155, C1165 or C1175 present?

Yes
GO to Pinpoint Test B. Pinpoint Test B: DTCs C1145, C1155, C1165 and C1175

No
GO to C2.

C2 CHECK THE TIRES SIZE AND PRESSURE

- Verify that the tires are the correct size for the vehicle as indicated on the Vehicle Certification (VC) label.

- Verify that the air pressure in all the tires is correct as indicated on the VC (Vehicle Certification) label.

Are the wheels and tires OK?

Yes
GO to C3.

No
INSTALL the correct tires or ADJUST tire pressure as necessary. CLEAR the DTCs. TEST the system for normal operation.

C3 INSPECT THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR MOUNTING

- With the vehicle in NEUTRAL, position it on a hoist.

- Inspect the suspect wheel speed sensor for looseness.

Is the wheel speed sensor loose?

Yes
TIGHTEN the wheel speed sensor to specification. REFER to Specifications. CLEAR the DTCs. GO to C4.

No
GO to C5.

C4 CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED PIDS

- Connect the scan tool.

- Enter the following diagnostic mode on the scan tool: DataLogger- ABS Module.

- Ignition ON.

- Monitor the following PIDs while driving the vehicle at a constant speed:
- Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor (LF_WSPD)
- Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor (RF_WSPD)
- Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (LR_WSPD)
- Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (RR_WSPD)


Are all the wheel speed sensor PID values similar?

Yes
The vehicle is OK. The concern may have been caused by a loose wheel speed sensor.

No
GO to C5.

C5 INSPECT THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR FOR DAMAGE

- NOTE: Examine the wheel speed sensor wire carefully with a good light source. Failure to verify damage in the wheel speed sensor wire can lead to unnecessary installation of a new component.
Inspect the suspect wheel speed sensor for general damage.


Is the wheel speed sensor OK?

Yes
GO to C6.

No
INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor - Front or Wheel Speed Sensor - Rear . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

C6 INSPECT THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR RING AND WHEEL BEARING FOR DAMAGE

NOTE: The Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester cannot be used on vehicles equipped with Active Park Assist.

- Inspect the wheel bearing for damage.

- Inspect the suspect wheel speed sensor ring for damaged or missing teeth. Rotate the wheel to verify that no teeth are missing.

Is the wheel speed sensor ring and wheel bearing OK?

Yes
If the Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester is available, GO to C7. If the Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester is not available, GO to C9.

No
INSTALL a new front or rear wheel hub and bearing. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

C7 CHECK THE ABS MODULE OUTPUT USING THE ACTIVE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR TESTER

- Ignition OFF.

- Disconnect: Suspect Wheel Speed Sensor.

- Connect the Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester to the wheel speed sensor connectors.

- Select the correct system polarity on the tester and turn the tester power switch to the ON position.

- Ignition ON.

Is the module output LED illuminated?

Yes
GO to C8.

No
GO to C10.

C8 CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR OUTPUT WITH THE ACTIVE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR TESTER

- Raise the suspect wheel until it can spin freely.

- While monitoring the Active Wheel Speed Sensor Tester, slowly spin the suspect wheel.

Do the sensor output LEDs illuminate and flash and is the current overload LED not illuminated?

Yes
INSPECT the wheel speed sensor tone ring for damage and looseness. INSTALL new components as necessary. If the tone ring is OK, the concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No
If the current level LED is not illuminated and the sensor output LEDs do not illuminate or if the current level LED is illuminated red, INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor - Front or Wheel Speed Sensor - Rear . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

If the current level LED is not illuminated and the sensor output LEDs illuminate green, but do not flash, INSPECT the wheel hub and bearing (tone ring is part of the wheel bearing). INSTALL new as necessary. If the wheel hub and bearing are OK, INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor - Front or Wheel Speed Sensor - Rear . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

C9 CHECK THE ABS MODULE OUTPUT

NOTE: The ABS module detects an open circuit condition and disables the voltage to the wheel speed sensor if the ignition is set to the ON position before all test connections are made.

NOTE: A meter with min/max feature and/or recording capabilities must be used to obtain accurate measurements.

- Ignition OFF.

- Disconnect: Suspect Wheel Speed Sensor.

- Connect the meter to the suspect wheel speed sensor electrical connector pins, harness side.

- Set the meter to DC voltage in a range greater than 15 volts.

- Enable the min/max feature.

- Ignition ON.

- Check the maximum recorded voltage on the meter.

Is the maximum recorded voltage greater than 10 volts?

Yes
INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor. REFER to Wheel Speed Sensor - Front or Wheel Speed Sensor - Rear . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No
GO to C10.

C10 CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN

NOTE: Both circuits must be checked for each DTC.

- Ignition OFF.

- Disconnect: Suspect Wheel Speed Sensor (if not previously disconnected).

- Disconnect: ABS Module C135.

- For vehicles equipped with Active Park Assist: Measure the resistance between the ABS module connector, harness side and the suspect wheel speed sensor connector, harness side as indicated in the following chart:

Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit ABS Module DTC C1296- Wheel Speed Sensor LF Signal Fault C1315-1 VCA03 (VT/WH) C135-21 C1315-2 RCA17 (YE) C135-34 DTC C1297- Wheel Speed Sensor RF Signal Fault C1316-1 VCA05 (GY/VT) C135-18 C1316-2 RCA19 (VT) C135-6 DTC C1298- Wheel Speed Sensor RR Signal Fault C4260-1 VCA06 (WH/OG) C135-19 C4260-2 RCA20 (BN) C135-31 DTC C1299- Wheel Speed Sensor LR Signal Fault C4261-1 VCA04 (BU/OG) C135-33 C4261-2 RCA18 (BN/GN) C135-20






- For all other vehicles: Measure the resistance between the ABS module connector, harness side and the suspect wheel speed sensor connector, harness side as indicated in the following chart:

Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit ABS Module DTC C1296- Wheel Speed Sensor LF Signal Fault C150-1 RCA17 (YE) C135-34 C150-2 VCA03 (VT/WH) C135-21 DTC C1297- Wheel Speed Sensor RF Signal Fault C160-1 RCA19 (VT) C135-6 C160-2 VCA05 (GY/VT) C135-18 DTC C1298- Wheel Speed Sensor RR Signal Fault C426-1 RCA20 (BN) C135-31 C426-2 VCA06 (WH/OG) C135-19 DTC C1299- Wheel Speed Sensor LR Signal Fault C440-1 RCA18 (BN/GN) C135-20 C440-2 VCA04 (BU/OG) C135-33






Are the resistances less than 5 ohms?

Yes
GO to C11.

No
REPAIR the affected circuit(s). CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

C11 CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS MODULE OPERATION

- Disconnect: ABS Module C135 (if not previously disconnected).

- Check for:
- corrosion.

- pushed-out pins.

- spread terminals.


- Connect the ABS module connector and make sure it seats correctly.

- Operate the system and verify the concern is still present.

Is the concern still present?

Yes
INSTALL a new ABS module. REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) Module . CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

No
The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. CLEAR the DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.

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