Air Flow Meter/Sensor: Description and Operation

Engine Control Components

Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor

The MAF sensor uses a hot wire sensing element to measure the amount of air entering the engine. Air passing over the hot wire causes it to cool. This hot wire is maintained at 200°C (392°F) above the ambient temperature as measured by a constant cold wire. The current required to maintain the temperature of the hot wire is proportional to the mass air flow. The MAF sensor then outputs an analog voltage signal to the PCM proportional to the intake air mass. The PCM calculates the required fuel injector pulse width in order to provide the desired air/fuel ratio. This input is also used in determining transmission electronic pressure control (EPC), shift and torque converter clutch (TCC) scheduling.

The MAF sensor is located between the air cleaner and the throttle body or inside the air cleaner assembly. Most MAF sensors have integrated bypass technology with an integrated IAT sensor. The hot wire electronic sensing element must be replaced as an assembly. Replacing only the element may change the air flow calibration.

Diagram of Air Flow Through Throttle Body Contacting MAF Sensor Hot and Cold Wire (and IAT Sensor Wire Where Applicable) Terminals:

Diagram of Air Flow Through Throttle Body Contacting MAF Sensor Hot and Cold Wire (and IAT Sensor Wire Where Applicable) Terminals.

Typical Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor:

Typical Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor

Typical Drop-in Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor:

Typical Drop-in Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor