1984 Cooling System-Service
1984
27-01-2 Cooling System-Service 27-01-2
CONDITION POSSIBLE SOURCE ACTION
Loss of coolant ^ Pressure cap and gasket. ^ Inspect, wash gasket and tool. Replace only if cap will not hold pressure test specification.
^ Leakage. ^ Pressure test system.
^ External leakage. ^ Inspect hose, hose connection, radiator, edges of cooling system gaskets, core plugs and drain plugs, transmission oil cooler lines, water pump, heater system components. Service or replace as required.
^ Check engine oil and transmission oil dipsticks for signs of coolant. Check coolant for signs of transmission oil.
^ Check torque of head bolts, tighten if necessary.
^ Internal leakage. ^ Disassemble engine as necessary - check for cracked intake manifold, blown head gaskets, leak at water crossover intake manifold gasket, warped head or block gasket surfaces, cracked cylinder head or engine block.
Engine overheats ^ Low coolant level. ^ Fill as required. Check for coolant loss.
^ Excessive rust in coolant. ^ Flush system, refill with new coolant.
^ Loose fan belt. ^ Adjust.
^ Pressure cap. ^ Test. Replace if necessary.
^ Radiator or A/C condenser ^ Remove bugs, leaves, etc.
obstruction.
^ Closed thermostat. ^ Test, replace if necessary.
^ Fan drive clutch. ^ Test, replace if necessary.
^ Ignition. ^ Check timing and advance. Adjust as required.
^ Temp gauge or cold light. ^ Check electrical circuits and service as required. Refer to Volume 3.
^ Engine. ^ Check water pump, block for blockage.
^ 2.3L (Thunderbird/Cougar, ^ Check for air pockets trapped in cooling system (see coolant refill procedure) LTD/Marquis, Mustang/Capri) -only
^ Exhaust system. ^ Check for restrictions.
Engine fails to reach normal ^ Open thermostat. ^ Test, replace if necessary.
operating temperature
^ Temperature gauge or cold light ^ Check electrical circuits and service as required,
(False Reading) Refer to electrical section.
Revised 8/88 CQ1531-E
27-01-7 1984 Cooling System - Service 27-01-7
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
Cooling Fan
4 Cylinder Engine
NOTE: For electro-drive cooling fan, refer to Section 27-10.
Removal
Remove fan shroud if necessary. Remove the screws and washer assemblies attaching the fan to the water pump hub. Remove the fan.
Installation
Position the fan and spacer on the water pump hub. Loosen fan belt, if necessary. Install the lockwasher and screws and tighten the capscrews to specification. Adjust the fan belt tension to specification. Install fan shroud if removed.
6 and 8 Cylinder Engines
Most vehicles with these engines utilize a fan drive clutch. Some vehicles without air conditioning utilize a pulley to fan spacer.
Removal
1. Remove the radiator upper support and fan guard or shroud. Remove the screw and washer assemblies attaching the drive clutch and fan assembly or fan and spacer to the water pump hub. Remove the drive clutch and fan assembly (or fan and spacer).
2. If equipped with a fan drive clutch, remove the attaching screw and washer assemblies and separate the fan from the drive coupling.
Installation
1. Position the fan and spacer (or drive clutch) on the install the washer and screw assemblies. Tighten the capscrews evenly and alternately to specification.
2. Position the fan and spacer (or drive clutch) on the water pump hub and install the washer and screw assemblies. Loosen the belt, if necessary. Tighten the capscrews evenly and alternately to specification. Adjust the fan belt tension to specification. Then, check the fan drive clutch flange-to-water pump hub for proper mating. Install the radiator upper support and fan guard or shroud.
Radiator Hose
Removal
Radiator hoses should be checked as directed in the applicable Maintenance Schedule, refer to the PreDelivery manual. Replace whenever they become cracked, rotted or have a tendency to collapse.
Drain the radiator; then loosen the clamps at each end of the hose to be removed. Slide the hose off the radiator connection and the engine water outlet connection (upper hose) or the water pump connection (lower hose).
Installation
Position the clamps at least 3.2 mm (1/8-inch) from each end of the hose. Coat the connection areas with an approved water resistant sealer and slide the hose on the connections. Make sure the clamps are beyond the bead and placed in the center of the clamping surface of the connections. Tighten clamps to 2.2- 3.4 N-m (20-30 lb.in.). Fill the radiator with the Revised 8/88
recommended permanent antifreeze and water mixture. Operate the engine for several minutes, then check the hoses and connections for leaks.
CLEANING AND INSPECTION
Coolant Replacement
1. Bring engine to normal operating temperature and turn engine Off. With cooling system under pressure, inspect cooling system hoses and clamped hose connections for leaks, excessive deterioration, or contact wear. Inspect radiator installation retention. Note any discrepancies, and proceed.
2. Drain coolant as follows:
a. Never remove radiator or cooling system cap under any conditions while engine is operating. Failure to follow these instructions could result in personal injury and/ or damage to the cooling system or engine.
b. To avoid burns from scalding coolant or steam, use extreme care when removing the radiator cap. Switch the engine Off and wait until cool, then if radiator is still hot, carefully wrap a thick cloth around the cap and rotate slowly to the first stop. Step back until the pressure is released then press down on the cap and rotate until free. Remove the cap.
c. Place the heater temperature control at the maximum heat position.
d. Open radiator petcock and remove the cylinder block drain plug(s) to drain the coolant system.
e. Disconnect overflow hose from radiator filler neck connection. Remove coolant recovery reservoir from fender apron and empty fluid. Flush reservoir with clean water, drain and reinstall reservoir and strap and overflow hose and clamp to radiator filler neck.
f. Correct/service/replace any components found to be discrepant in Step 1.
Cleaning To remove rust, sludge and other foreign material from the cooling system, use an appropriate cooling system flush such as Ford Radiator Flush, D6AZ-19A503-A or equivalent. Removal of such material restores cooling efficiency and avoids overheating. Always remove the thermostat prior to pressure flushing. A pulsating or reversed direction of flushing water flow will loosen sediment more quickly than a steady flow in the normal direction of coolant flow. In severe cases where cleaning solvents will not properly clean the cooling system for efficient operation, it will be necessary to use the pressure flushing method. Various types of flushing equipment are available.
Coolant Refill
1. Refill engine cooling system as follows:
a. Close radiator draincock and install cylinder block drain plug(s).
b. When refilling the cooling system, use equal parts of water and coolant as follows:
Coolant Specification: Use only a permanenttype coolant that meets Ford Specification ESE-M97844-A (E2F219549-A) or equivalent.
1984
27-01-8 Cooling System - Service 27-01-8
Freeze protection may also be checked by using either a Rotunda optical antifreeze/ battery tester 072-00005 or equivalent or a Hydrometer. A 50/50 mix of coolant concentrate and water will provide approximately -35~F protection, and afford necessary anti-corrosion protection.
2.3L (Thunderbird/Cougar, LTD/Marquis, Mustang/Capri) - only
c. Disconnect heater hose at the water outlet connection on the thermostat housing.
d. Fill radiator until coolant is visible at the connection in the thermostat housing or the coolant level in the radiator reaches the radiator cap filler neck seat.
e. Install heater hose and tighten hose clamps to 1.36-2.03 N-m (12-18 lbs.in.)
Refill the radiator to approximately 0 to 2 inches below the filler neck seat.
2. Operate engine until thermostat opens and the radiator upper hose becomes hot.
3. Stop the engine and add coolant to the filler neck seat.
4. Reinstall radiator or cooling system cap.
5. Add a 50/50 mixture of coolant and water to the Full Hot mark on the coolant reservoir, or to 100 mm (4 inches) above the bottom of the bottle without a cap through the small opening at the top of the bottle, to provide adequate cooling system fill. Install reservoir cap, if so equipped.
Heater Core Backflushing All engine cooling system flushing and backflushing procedures must include a separate backflushing of the heater or A/C system heater core, after the flushing or backflushing of the engine cooling system, to prevent engine cooling system particles from clogging the heater core tubes and reducing (or eliminating) coolant flow through the heater core. The heater core must be backflushed separately from the engine cooling system for proper back-flush water flow direction through the heater core.
The correct heater core backflushing procedure is as follows:
1. Disconnect the heater core outlet heater hose from the water pump fitting and install a female garden hose-end fitting adapter in the end of the outlet heater hose. Secure with a hose clamp.
2. Connect the female garden hose end of the outlet heater hose to the male end of a water supply garden hose.
3. Disconnect the heater core inlet heater hose from the engine block fitting and allow to drain onto the ground or into a floor drain.
4. If a water valve is installed in the heater core inlet heater hose, check to be certain the water valve is open (no vacuum).
5. Turn the water supply valve On and Off several times so that the surge action will help to dislodge larger stubborn particles from the heater core tubes. Allow full water pressure to flow for approximately five minutes.
6. If a water valve is installed in the heater core inlet heater hose, apply vacuum to the water valve vacuum motor to assure proper operation of the water valve and proper closure with no water leakage. Replace the water valve if required.
7. Remove the hose clamp and female garden hoseend adapter from the end of the outlet heater hose and reconnect the outlet heater hose onto the water pump fitting.
8. Reconnect the inlet heater hose onto the engine block fitting.
9. Fill the cooling system, as described in this Section using the specified coolant mixture.
10. Test the system for proper heater performance with the specified engine cooling system conditions.
FIGURE 2 - RADIATOR CAP AND FILLER NECK OPENINGCLEANING AND INSPECTING-TYPICAL:
Radiator Pressure Cap
1. Inspect the areas under the vacuum valve and rubber seal for rust or dirt particles (Fig. 2).
2. Use warm tap water, raise the vacuum valve and rubber seal and thoroughly flush away loose rust or dirt particles trapped under the vacuum valve, rubber seal and on the seal surface.
3. Inspect and remove any imbedded rust or dirt particles on the sealing surfaces of the rubber seal.
4. Inspect the radiator filler neck opening for rust or dirt particles on the sealing surface at the bottom of the filler neck opening. Use a clean cloth and wipe the sealing surface to remove any rust or dirt particles.
NOTE: If paint is observed on the filler neck sealing surface, remove it using paint thinner.
Revised 8/88