Steering Column: Description and Operation

DESCRIPTION
The steering column consists of a collapsible steel shaft, an intermediate shaft, and a universal joint which connect the steering wheel to the steering gear. The steering wheel attaches to the steering column shaft, which attaches to the steering column intermediate shaft coupling. The steering column intermediate shaft coupling then attaches to the steering gear input shaft.

The top of the steering column shaft is machined flat on two sides in order to key the steering wheel to the steering column shaft. The steering column shaft is housed in a cylindrical tube which mounts to the instrument panel reinforcement and vehicle bulkhead. Bearings support the shaft within the tube and ensure smooth rotation.

The steering column intermediate shaft coupling consists of the coupling, the intermediate shaft, and the universal joint. The coupling attaches the steering column shaft to the intermediate shaft. The universal joint connects the intermediate shaft to the steering gear input shaft. This design permit smooth operation while allowing for the steering gear input shaft angle.

A steering column support bracket and a steering column upper mounting bracket support the steering column in the vehicle.

FIXED AND TILT COLUMNS
Fixed steering columns do not move up or down and are mounted similarly to tilt steering columns. Tilt steering columns are fitted with a tilt mechanism that allows the steering column to adjust up or down approximately 30 mm (1.2 inches). A tilt lever is located underneath the steering column on vehicles so equipped. When the lever is pushed downward, the steering column is allowed limited movement up and down to suit driver comfort. When the tilt lever is pulled up, the steering column is locked into position.

AIR BAG (SRS)
The steering wheel is bolted to the top of the column and is fitted with a supplemental restraint system (SRS) driver side air bag module. Before performing work on or around any SRS component, observe all SRS conditions and warnings to avoid unnecessary air bag deployment and possible injury. See Air Bags and Seat Belts for additional information.

STEERING COLUMN LOCK
The steering column lock is integral to the lock cylinder. When the ignition key is removed or turned to the LOCK position, a small key inside the steering column lock engages with the steering column, locking it into position. When the ignition key is turned to the ACC or ON position, the steering column lock key withdraws, unlocking the steering column and allowing it to rotate. See Starting and Charging for additional information.