Locks: Description and Operation
Central Locking System
Standard on the MINI is a fully integrated Central Locking System. The Central Locking system incorporates components from different systems all tied together in the BC1.
Purpose of the System
The Central Locking System is controlled by the BC1 via internal relays and is activated by using the key in the drivers door, remote key operation or from inside using the central locking switch. The Central Locking System performs the following functions:
- Lock/Unlock Vehicle Doors.
- Release Tailgate.
- Lock/Unlock Fuel Filler Door.
- Convenience Opening and Closing of windows and sunroof.
Components of the System
BC1
The internal relays are activated based on inputs received by the BC1. The relays are activated on a time basis dependent upon battery voltage. Polarity to the locking motors is reversed at the BC1 to drive them in both directions.
Door Latches
The door latches have two integral motors, which can be used to put the latch into three different mechanical states:
- Unlocked - doors can be opened from the inside or outside release handles.
- Central Lock (Single Lock) - doors can only be opened from the inside release handle.
- Central Arrest (Double Lock) - doors cannot be opened from either handle.
Micro-switches for the door contacts are integrated in the door latches. On the driver's door latch assembly, the key lock/unlock micro-switches are also included.
The central locking motors can be driven directly from any mechanical state to any other mechanical state; there is no need to go via any intermediate states.
Tailgate Release
The central locking system controls the operation of the tailgate through the tailgate actuator and the tailgate release button. The tailgate release actuator consists of a single motor that is powered in one direction and sprung returned. The actuator also incorporates the micro-switch for the tailgate contact.
- When the vehicle is unlocked and the tailgate release switch is activated, the tailgate release actuator is driven for 0.4 seconds (+/-) 0.1 second.
- With the vehicle in the unlocked state, then a press and hold of the remote unlock button (press > 4s) shall open the tailgate. It is not possible to open the tailgate with the remote key if the ignition is in position 1 or 2.
- If the vehicle is in 'SPE' (Single Point Entry), the tailgate release actuator will not operate from the tailgate release switch.
Fuel Filler Lock
Interior Central Locking Switch
The interior central locking switch is located in the switch pack situated in the lower part of the console. The switch is a rocker type with three positions - off, lock and unlock - these provide a momentary ground when the switch is pressed. The interior central locking switch is operational when the vehicle is unlocked, centrally locked or in SPE state.
Inertia Switch
The inertia switch is located under the hood on the right hand side of the bulkhead (view from front bumper).
Inertia Switch Location:
In the event of the inertia switch being triggered in an accident, the doors will unlock, the windows will open, the interior lights will be illuminated and the hazard warning lights activated.
Principle of Operation
Lock/Unlock
The vehicle can be locked/unlocked from:
- The lock/unlock button on the radio remote key
- The driver's door cylinder
- The interior central lock switch (unlock only when centrally locked from inside)
The vehicle will also be unlocked if the inertia switch is tripped from ignition position 1. If a valid key is recognized in the ignition (EWS) when the vehicle is central arrested the locks move to the unlocked state.
Central Lock (Single Lock)
The car can be centrally locked from inside by using the interior central locking switch located in the switch center, provided the driver's door is closed.
Central Arrest (Double Lock)
To put the locks in the arrest position the remote control lock button or the driver's door lock is used. It is not possible to unlock the car from the interior central locking switch when in the central arrest condition. If the passenger door is left open, an attempt to central arrest will result in the car being put into the centrally locked condition.
Automatic Lock/Unlock
If automatic lock is configured, when the vehicle speed exceeds 4 km/h the vehicle will centrally lock. The car automatically unlocks when the ignition is switched to position 0 and the handbrake is applied on manual transmission cars or the selector lever is in PARK on automatic models.
Lock When Running
The lock when running feature allows the car to be externally locked from the drivers door using a second key while the engine is running - provided the gear selector lever is in PARK on automatic transmission vehicles, or the handbrake applied on manual transmission vehicles.
Selective Unlocking (SPE)
This function enables just the driver's door to be unlocked from the first unlock action of the remote key or door lock, the passenger door lock moves from central arrest to the centrally locked state. To unlock the complete vehicle repeat the unlock action a second time.
Door Latches
The door latch mechanisms (driver and passenger) contain micro-switches for door position information. The micro-switches are open (Signal-High) when the doors are closed and are closed (Signal pulled low to ground) when the doors are open. The Drivers door Lock/Unlock switch provides a Low signal to indicate position request.
Door Lock Motors (one Lock and one Double lock) have polarity reversed by the BC1 to operate in either direction. The motors and latch mechanism provide no feedback to the BC1 as to position and are driven with each lock or unlock request irrespective of their current position.
To avoid overloading the motors are blocked out after 10 operations in 1 minute. The motors will be placed in the unlock state for approximately 1 minute.
Tailgate Release Actuator
There is no manual unlock cable or lever for the tailgate release mechanism. The only method for opening of the tailgate is through the electrical activation of the release motor. The tailgate release actuator has only two positions Trunk closed or trunk open. Upon receiving a tailgate open request, either from the tailgate release button, or the remote key the BC1 activates the motor. The motor is powered in one direction and sprung in the other direction.
Fuel Filler Actuator
Driven by the BC1 the Fuel Filler Actuator is only placed in the lock position when the vehicle is put in Central Arrest (Double Lock). The fuel filler actuator has only one motor since it does not have a central lock position (Single Lock).
Inertia Switch
In the event of an impact registering at greater than 14G the Inertia Switch goes open. This open removes the voltage from X254 pin 21 at the BC1 (J3 54-pin Natural connector). The trigger of the inertia switch causes the BC1 to unlock doors.
Interior Central Lock Switch
The Interior Central Lock Switch is a three position spring loaded switch. When pressure applied to the switch in either direction is released the switch will return to a middle neutral position.
The switch supplies two high/low signals to the BC1, one for lock and one for unlock.
When the switch is put in the lock or unlock position the signal for that request is pulled low at the BC1. Terminals 42 and 44 at the BC1 connector X255 (J2 54-pin Blue) are responsible for the inputs.
Remote Central Locking (FZV)
Radio remote central locking is operational within a 10-meter radius of the car. The receiver, which has no antenna, is located inside the car at the front beneath the headlining. The radio frequency signal (315 MHz) is converted by the receiver into a digital signal and forwarded to the BC1 for decoding. Security is through the use of the rolling code principle.
A maximum of 4 radio remote keys can be assigned to one vehicle. The key contains a single 3-volt battery that requires replacing after approximately two years. The cover is clipped to the main key housing and should be removed carefully to avoid damage to the plastic casing.
The functions of the radio remote key are:
- Lock: central arrest vehicle and arm anti-theft system (DWA).
- Unlock: release central arrest and disarm anti-theft system.
- Tailgate release: press and hold for > 4 seconds to open tailgate.
Key Initialization
If the BC1 rolling key code becomes out of step with the remote key, synchronization is required. The synchronization procedure can be carried out in two ways:
- Press either the remote key lock or unlock button four times in succession.
- With the car unlocked, switch on the ignition briefly and then off and remove the key, now within 10-seconds press the lock and unlock buttons in succession.
It is not necessary to synchronize all the keys together. As the key codes are stored in the BC1, the synchronization procedure is simply aligning the rolling code in the BC1 to the individual key and will not affect any additional keys.
Replacement Keys
Each key has its own individual bar code that is supplied with the key. This bar code is used to enter manually the data into the DISplus for programming it to the BC1.
If the BC1 requires replacing the bar code must be read out with the DISplus and programmed into the new BC1 after replacement.
ZKE - Remote control (RC) of the central locking system (ZV)
This functional description contains information on the subject of logging RC keys on/off at the ZKE. To replace the ZKE, observe the instructions provided.
In the central body electrical system, four remote control keys can be coded for the central locking system. These keys contain three different codes. These codes are set in the control module at the factory by the bar code tag. With every vehicle delivered, these bar code tags are attached to each RC key.
Important:Inform the customer that these bar code tags are to be kept in a safe place. The data is only stored on the bar code tag and in the ZKE control module.
Example: a number-letter combination as shown below is printed on the bar code tag.
*02535EE2535EDFFA**FFFFFFFFDACA115*
Delete the following positions from the sequence: 1,2,17,18,19,34,35. This results in this sequence:
__2535EE2535EDFF___FFFFFFFFDACA11__
Sort this sequence!
2535EE - base code (positions 3 - 8)
2535ED - random code (positions 9 - 14)
FFFFFFFFFFDACA11 - encryption code (positions 15, 16, 20 - 33)
Logging an additional RC key on at the ZKE
Procedure:
In the service program at
In the service program, select the item Log on key. Write the ZV codes into the ZKE corresponding to what appears on the bar code tag. It is only permitted to write the data on a free key position! Follow the instructions in the service program.
Logging an RC key off at the ZKE
Procedure:
In the service program at
Then, open the central locking system several times with all RCs that are NOT to be logged off.
In the service program at
Determining the key position to be blocked: The central locking code random code of the key to be cancelled has not changed. On the operated key, the random code must have changed.
In the service program, select the item
Replacing the ZKE (central electrical equipment unit)
Case 1:The ZKE can still be diagnosed. The coding data can be transferred via the path coding / programming in accordance with the instructions. The ZV codes are transferred from the old ZKE into the new ZKE.
Case 2:The ZKE can no longer be diagnosed. The data of the ZV codes can no longer be read out.
Procedure:
Are the bar code tags of the keys available?
If the bar code tags are NOT available, code the new ZKE. Here, the memory positions for the ZV codes for the RC keys remain empty.
The ZV codes can only be requested through the Hotline of the marketing company or the importer.
Then, log on each individual key anew in the service program, as described at Logging an additional RC key on at the ZKE.
If the bar code tags are available, code the new ZKE. Then, log on each individual key anew in the service program, as described at Logging an additional RC key on at the ZKE.