Antitheft and Alarm Systems: Description and Operation

Anti-Theft Alarm System (DWA)

Anti-theft alarm system
The anti-theft alarm system (DWA) detects and indicates attempted intrusions or manipulation on the vehicle.
The DWA monitors the contacts on the doors, the tailgate or split door (R55) and the engine compartment lid as well as the status of the tilt sensor and the interior monitoring (R55: no contacts on Clubdoor).
The alarm system consists of the ultrasonic interior movement detector (USIS) with 2 ultrasonic interior sensors (transmitter and receiver) and the siren with tilt alarm sensor.
If an attempt is made to break into the vehicle and enter the inside of vehicle, a DWA alarm is triggered. The alarm sensor (integrated in the siren) monitors the vehicle inclination. The tilt alarm sensor detects whether the vehicle is lifted or towed.
The DWA alarm is acoustic and visual:
- acoustic alarm via the siren (intermittent tone for approx. 30 seconds)
- optical alarm via the lighting system (hazard warning flashers) for approx. 5 minutes.

The alarm can be coded differently in different national-market versions.For example, the optical alarm output (with hazard warning flashers; with low-beam headlight; with high-beam headlight) and the duration of the alarm (interval: 1x, 3x or 8x).

Brief component description
Descriptions are provided for the following alarm system (DWA) components:

Alarm system (DWA) control unit
The software for the DWA has been integrated into the junction box electronics (JBE). The JBE controls the DWA. All relevant DWA components are connected with the JBE either directly or indirectly (via the K-CAN).
The JBE is also the activating control unit for the central locking drive. The JBE handles activation of all the central-locking drives. If the CAS control unit approves the unlocking of the vehicle, for example, the doors will be unlocked.
The JBE is a component of the junction box. The junction box is an assembly consisting of the JBE and power distribution box. The power distribution box supplies the siren with tilt alarm sensor using terminal 30.
The JBE and power distribution box cannot be exchanged individually.







Ultrasonic interior movement detector
The ultrasonic interior movement detector (USIS) with the 2 ultrasonic interior sensors is installed in the roof operating unit. The 2 ultrasonic interior sensors monitor the passenger compartment. Both ultrasonic interior sensors are installed in the USIS funnel, which points to the passenger compartment.
The 2 ultrasonic interior sensors are motion detectors and together constitute a transmitter and receiver unit. One ultrasonic interior sensor works as the transmitter, the other as the receiver. Movement is detected if the reflection (echo) of the sound waves changes.







Siren with tilt alarm sensor
The siren with tilt alarm sensor issues the acoustic DWA alarm. In addition to the DWA alarm, the siren can also be used to issue an acoustic acknowledgement upon activation or deactivation (confirmation signal can be coded differently in different national-market versions; visual acknowledgement can be adjusted using central information display (CID) and MINI joystick).
The tilt sensor monitors the horizontal position of the vehicle (tilt monitoring of the vehicle in longitudinal direction and transverse direction). This detects the vehicle being raised, for example to steal the wheels or tow the vehicle away.
The parked position is stored using the current longitudinal angle and transverse angle. The tilt alarm sensor determines a new longitudinal angle and transverse angle every 100 milliseconds. If the alarm threshold is exceeded, the junction box electronics (JBE) triggers the alarm. After a first alarm, the alarm threshold is lowered, which leads to a more rapid second alarm activation.
The siren with tilt alarm sensor has an internal voltage supply (internal batteries) and also monitors the voltage supply from the battery. As a result, an acoustic alarm can also be issued if the supply line to the siren with tilt alarm sensor is tampered with. The internal batteries are not rechargeable (service life of at least 10 years or 300 autonomous alarm activations).







Engine compartment lid contact switch
The engine compartment lid contact switch is connected to the CAS (Car Access System). This means that the engine compartment lid is monitored (open or closed). The CAS forwards the message on the K-CAN to the junction box electronics (JBE).

Door contact on driver's and front passenger side
The door contacts on the driver's and front passenger side are connected to the footwell module (FRM). This means that the doors are monitored (open or closed). The FRM forwards the message on the K-CAN to the junction box electronics (JBE).

Luggage compartment lid lock switch
The luggage compartment lid lock switch is integrated into the central locking drive of the tailgate (R56) or split door (R55). This means that the tailgate or split door is monitored (open or closed). The central locking drive of the tailgate or split door is connected to the junction box electronics (JBE).

FRM: Footwell module
The footwell module activates the lighting system for the visual DWA alarm. The junction box electronics (JBE) forwards the request on the K-CAN to the FRM.

CAS: Car Access System
The CAS monitors the central locking system. The CAS control unit is the master control unit for all functions run by Comfort Access. The CAS forwards the signals on the K-CAN to the junction box electronics (JBE).
The CAS also delivers the following signals:
- Status of engine compartment lid (open or closed)
- Status of convenient opening/convenient closing
- Authentication by the CAS as protection against manipulations
- Terminal status of terminal R or terminal 15

Alarm system LEDs
The 3 alarm system LEDs indicate the statuses of the alarm system (DWA) on the auxiliary instrument. Additionally, the 3 LEDs are designed to simulate the "breathing" or "heartbeat" of the MINI for a defined period of time when the DWA is activated, before switching over to the conventional "flashing". All 3 LEDs light up only during the simulation of the "heartbeat". Only one LED is activated by the JBE to display the current status. The alarm system LEDs are directly activated by the JBE via 2 lines.
The following displays are possible:
- DWA LED off: DWA is disarmed.
- "Heartbeat" is simulated by the 3 alarm system LEDs, then 1 alarm system LED flashes continuously: DWA is armed.
- Alarm system LED flashes for 10 seconds after locking, then simulation of "heartbeat" and flashing: DWA is activated but a door or similar component (engine compartment lid or tailgate or split door) is not closed properly. The remaining doors or similar components remain secured even if the affected door is not closed. The ultrasonic interior movement detector is not activated.
- Alarm system LED flashes after unlocking until the remote key is inserted into the insertion slot, for a maximum of 5 minutes: vehicle has been tampered with
- Alarm system LED goes out after unlocking: DWA is disarmed.







System functions
Descriptions are provided for the following system functions for the alarm system:
- Activating and deactivating
- Triggering the DWA alarm (alarm trigger signal)
- Undervoltage detection, overvoltage detection, battery monitoring (positive battery cable and battery earth lead)
- Switching off the interior and tilt monitor
- Emergency function for the acoustic DWA alarm
- Crossover control by means of lock barrel and master key
- Access authorization (Passive Entry) via the tailgate or split door (R55)

Activating and deactivating
The alarm system (DWA) is activated by locking/deadlocking the central locking system. Locking/deadlocking requirements:
- After terminal 15 OFF, the driver's door was opened and closed.
- 3 seconds after activation, the door contacts and other contacts (engine compartment lid and tailgate or split door) are included in monitoring. Prerequisite: Doors, engine compartment lid and tailgate or split door closed
- The 3 alarm system LEDs start to simulate the "heartbeat" for a defined period of time as a visual acknowledgement. After this, 1 alarm system LED flashes continuously. The hazard warning flashers flashes once.
- Depending on the national-market version, it is also possible for a brief acoustic signal to sound from the siren.
- Once the DWA has been activated and all doors and similar components (engine compartment lid and tailgate or split door) have been closed, the ultrasonic interior sensors start a reference run. After approx. 30 seconds, interior monitoring is possible.
- If the side windows and/or the slide/tilt sunroof are closed using convenience operation, the interior monitoring is not interrupted.

If all prerequisites for activating the DWA have been met but a door or similar component (engine compartment lid or tailgate or split door) is open, the DWA is still activated but the door or similar component (engine compartment lid or tailgate or split door) is not identified as a trigger source. An open door or similar component (engine compartment lid or tailgate or split door) is only recognized by the DWA as a valid trigger source once it has been closed. If only the engine compartment lid is open when the DWA is activated, the interior monitoring is activated as normal.
In keeping with the interior monitoring, the tilt monitoring function also only commences after the doors and similar components (engine compartment lid and tailgate or split door) have been closed. After activating, the tilt alarm sensor first performs a reference run that takes 30 seconds. The tilt monitoring only begins after the reference run.
If the tailgate or split door is opened during the reference run, the reference run is interrupted. The reference run is restarted once the tailgate or split door has been closed. If a faulty door contact or faulty contact of a similar component is detected, the system assumes the contact is closed.
Unlocking central locking system deactivates the alarm system. The alarm system LED is switched off and the hazard warning flashers flash twice as a visual acknowledgement. Depending on the national-market version, it is also possible for a brief acoustic signal to sound from the siren.
The tailgate or split door can be unlocked and opened using the remote key without triggering an alarm, even if the alarm system is activated. When the tailgate or split door is opened, the interior monitoring and tilt monitoring are deactivated. The interior monitoring and tilt monitoring are reactivated as soon as the tailgate or split door is closed again. After closing the tailgate or split door, the reference run starts.

Triggering the DWA alarm (alarm trigger signal)
A DWA alarm is triggered if an alarm status is detected whilst the alarm system is activated. The following triggers cause a DWA alarm:
- Forced opening of a door: bus signal from footwell module (door contact)
- up to 05/2007: The DWA alarm is triggered once.
- from 05/2007: The DWA alarm is triggered 8 times.

- Forced opening of the tailgate or split door (R55): Signal from luggage compartment lid lock switch
- up to 05/2007: The DWA alarm is triggered once.
- from 05/2007: The DWA alarm is triggered 8 times

- Forced opening of the engine compartment lid: Bus signal from the Car Access System (engine compartment lid contact switch)
- up to 05/2007: The DWA alarm is triggered once.
- from 05/2007: The DWA alarm is triggered 8 times.

- Movement in the inside of vehicle: Signal from the ultrasonic interior sensors
- up to 05/2007: The DWA alarm is triggered 3 times.
- from 05/2007: The DWA alarm is triggered 8 times.

- Vehicle on an incline: signal from the tilt alarm sensor
- up to 05/2007: The DWA alarm is triggered 3 times.
- from 05/2007: The DWA alarm is triggered 8 times.

- Undervoltage, overvoltage, monitoring the vehicle battery (positive wire and negative lead)
Only the siren is activated. The duration of the alarm is encoded based on the national-market version (once, up to 3 times or up to 8 times; interval: activated for 28.5 seconds - 5-second interruption - activated for 28.5 seconds - ...).

If a DWA alarm is triggered, the DWA control unit activates the speaker of the siren. Simultaneously, the DWA control unit sends an alarm signal to the K-CAN. The footwell module activates the visual alarm via the lighting system.

Duration of alarm:
The DWA alarm is acoustic and visual. Depending on the encoding, the DWA alarm is triggered once, 3 times or up to 8 times.
The DWA alarm is triggered once i.e.:
- Siren activated for 28.5 seconds
- Optical alarm activated for 5 minutes

The DWA alarm is triggered up to 3 times i.e.:
- Siren activated 8 times for 28.5 seconds (with an interruption of at least 5 seconds between each activation)
- Optical alarm activated for 5 minutes

A DWA alarm is immediately cancelled under the following conditions:
- Disarming the alarm system (DWA)
- Message "Remote key inserted in insertion slot" (from CAS) and terminal 15 ON

Undervoltage detection, overvoltage detection, battery monitoring (positive battery cable and battery earth lead)
While the DWA is activated, the junction box electronics (JBE) monitor the vehicle voltage in a range between 6.5 volts and 18 volts for the following points:
- Undervoltage: Vehicle voltage less than 6.5 Volts
- Overvoltage: Vehicle voltage greater than 18 volts
- Drop in the vehicle voltage from 7.5 volts to 6.5 volts within 40 minutes
- Disconnecting the battery positive wire or the battery negative lead

The voltage thresholds for overvoltage and undervoltage must be detected for at least 250 milliseconds.

Switching off the interior and tilt monitor
Deactivating the interior monitoring and tilt monitoring makes sense under the following conditions:
- Transport of the vehicle (e.g. rail, ferry)
- Parking the vehicle in a two-level garage
- Leaving persons or animals behind in the vehicle

The interior monitoring and tilt monitoring functions are deactivated if the command "Lock/deadlock" is executed twice within 10 seconds (e.g. with the remote key). The alarm system LED indicates the deactivation by flashing 3 times within one second and then simulating the "heartbeat" for a defined period of time. Once the time period has elapsed, the alarm system LED flashes continuously.

Emergency function for the acoustic DWA alarm
If the siren fails during the alarm, only an optical DWA alarm is output. For this, the junction box electronics transmits a message to the footwell module (FRM) via the K-CAN.

Crossover control by means of lock barrel and master key
The alarm system (DWA) can be activated and deactivated via both the door lock (with the integrated key in the remote key) and the remote key (= crossover control). Due to deadlocking regulations, crossover control is excluded in certain countries. If the crossover control is omitted, the DWA can still be activated via the door lock using the integrated key, but not deactivated via the door lock. (In certain national-market versions, the alarm system is triggered if the vehicle is unlocked via the door lock.) Disarming is only possible using the master key. The crossover control function can be encoded in the Car Access System (CAS).

Access authorization (Passive Entry) via the tailgate or split door (R55)
With Comfort Access (CA), the luggage compartment can be opened without active use of the ID transmitter. Precondition: The ID transmitter must be located no further than 1.5 meters from the aerial in the rear bumper. If an ID transmitter is located in the luggage compartment when the tailgate or split door is closed (and there are no authorized ID transmitters outside the vehicle), the tailgate or split door is opened again.
The alarm system draws the attention of the user to this as follows:
- optical signal by hazard warning flashers
- acoustic signal by siren (3x double tone within approx. 2 seconds)

Notes for Service department

General notes
Reading out the alarm memory The most recent 10 DWA alarms are stored in the alarm memory of the DWA control unit. For each DWA alarm, the following supplementary information is also stored:
- Alarm trigger signal
- Date and time
- Ambient temperature

National-market versions

National-market version for US

Panic mode
In the event of a threat from the outside or in the event of an accident, the panic mode can be used to attract the attention of others (DWA alarm).
The remote key assignment can be modified by encoding. The button for the rear lid unlocking on the remote key then functions as the button for the panic mode. For this, the button for the panic mode must be pressed for 3 seconds. The panic mode can be triggered regardless of the alarm system status (activated/deactivated). Pressing any button on the master key terminates the panic mode. The panic mode is not indicated by the alarm system LEDs and the current display status of the alarm system LEDs does not change.
The duration of the optical alarm in panic mode is limited to 6 minutes.
The duration for the acoustic alarm in panic mode is unlimited (until the batteries are empty).

We can assume no liability for printing errors or inaccuracies in this document and reserve the right to introduce technical modifications at any time.