DTC 45

Code 45 Chart:

Code 45 Wiring Diagram:

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION:

The Electronic Control Module (ECM) supplies a voltage of about 0.45 volt between terminals "YE14" and "YE15". (If measured with a 10 megohm digital voltmeter, this may read as low as 0.32 volt.) The 02 sensor varies the voltage within a range of about 1 volt if the exhaust is rich, down through about 0.10 volt if exhaust is lean. The sensor is like an open circuit and produces no voltage when it is below about 316~ C (600~F). An open sensor circuit or cold sensor causes "Open Loop" operation.

NOTE: Because of all the possible color code combinations used on electrical wiring diagrams, always refer to ECM CONNECTOR IDENTIFICATION under ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC WIRING DIAGRAMS for correct color code identification of circuit.


TEST DESCRIPTION: Numbers below refer to circled numbers on the diagnostic chart.

1. Code 45 is set when the O2 sensor signal voltage on CKT 412:

^ Remains above .7 volt for 30 seconds; and in "Closed Loop".
^ Engine time after start is 1 minute or more.
^ Throttle angle between 3% and 45%.

DIAGNOSTIC AIDS:

^ Using the "Scan", observe the block learn values at different rpm and air flow conditions. The "Scan" also displays the block cells, so the block learn values can be checked in each of the cells to determine when the Code 45 may have been set. If the conditions for Code 45 exists, The block learn values will be around 115.

^ Fuel Pressure. System will go rich if pressure is too high. The ECM can compensate for some increase, However, if it gets too high, a Code 45 may be set. See "Fuel System Diagnosis", CHART A-7.

^ Rich iniector. Perform injector balance test CHART C-2A.

^ Leaking injector. See CHART A-7.


^ Check for fuel contaminated oil.

^ High Energy Ignition (HEI) Shielding, An open ground CKT 453 (ignition system reference signal low) may result in EMI, or induced electrical "noise". The ECM looks at this "noise" as reference pulses. The additional pulses result in a higher than actual engine speed signal. The ECM then delivers too much fuel, causing system to go rich. Engine tachometer will also show higher than actual engine speed, which can help in diagnosing this problem.

^ Canister purge. Check for fuel saturation. If full of fuel, check canister control and hoses.

^ Check for leaking fuel pressure regulator diaphram by checking vacuum line to regulator for fuel.

^ Throttle Position Sensor (TPS). An intermittent TPS output will cause the system to go rich, due to a false indication of the engine accelerating.

^ EGR. An EGR staying open (especially at idle) will cause the 02 sensor to indicate a rich exhaust, and this could result in a code 45.