Component Tests and General Diagnostics

Brake Diagnosis Note
Road Test for Brakes
Brakes should be tested on dry, clean, smooth and reasonably level roadway, which is not crowned.
Road test brakes by making brake applications with both light and heavy pedal forces at various speeds to determine if the vehicle stops evenly and effectively.
Also drive vehicle to see if it leads to one side or the other without brake application. If it does, check the tire pressure, front end alignment and front suspension attachments for looseness.
See diagnosis flow table for other causes.

Brake Fluid Inspection
Brake fluid leaks
Check the master cylinder fluid levels. While a slight drop in reservoir level does result from normal lining wear, an abnormally low level indicates a leak in the system. In such a case, check the entire brake system for leakage. If even a slight evidence of leakage is noted, the cause should be corrected or defective parts should be replaced.
If fluid level is lower than the minimum level of reservoir, refilling is necessary.
Fill reservoir with specified brake fluid.

Brake fluid
Refer to reservoir tank cap.

CAUTION: Since brake system of this vehicle is factory filled with brake fluid indicated on reservoir tank cap, do not use or mix different type of fluid when refilling; otherwise serious damage will occur. Do not use old or used brake fluid, or any fluid from an unsealed container.

Substandard or contaminated brake fluid

CAUTION: Improper brake fluid, mineral oil or water in the fluid may cause the brake fluid to boil or the rubber components in the hydraulic system to deteriorate.

If primary piston cups are swollen, then rubber parts have deteriorated. The deterioration may also be evidenced by swollen wheel cylinder piston cups on the drum brake wheel.
If deterioration of rubber is evident, disassemble all hydraulic parts and wash with alcohol. Dry these parts with compressed air before assembly to keep alcohol out of the system. Replace all rubber parts in the system, including hoses. Also, when working on the brake mechanisms, check for fluid on the linings. If excessive fluid is found, replace the linings.
The system must be flushed if there is any doubt as to the grade of fluid in the system or if fluid has been used which, contained parts that have been subjected to contaminated fluid.