Main Bearings, Crankshaft and Cylinder Block
The content of this article/image reflects the changes identified in TSB-TS 14 10285R
Removal
1. Remove engine assembly from vehicle.
2. Remove clutch and flywheel (for M/T vehicle) or drive plate (for A/T vehicle). Using special tool (flywheel holder), remove flywheel (M/T vehicle) or drive plate (A/T vehicle).
Special tool (A): 09924-17810
3. Remove throttle body with intake manifold and exhaust manifold.
4. Remove oil pans (lower and upper) and oil pump strainer.
5. Remove cylinder head cover.
6. Remove timing chain cover.
7. Remove LH bank 2nd timing chain and tensioner.
8. Remove 1st timing chain and tensioner.
9. Remove RH bank 2nd timing chain and tensioner.
10. Remove cylinder head assembly.
11. Remove pistons and connecting rods.
12. Remove oil pump.
13. Remove oil pump chain.
14. Loosen crankcase bolts, following sequence in figure and remove them.
NOTE: Loosen 8 mm thread diameter bolts first, then loosen 10 mm thread diameter bolts following the order shown in the figure.
Crankshaft Inspection
Crankshaft Runout
Using a dial gauge, measure runout at center journal. Rotate crankshaft slowly. If runout exceeds its limit, replace crankshaft.
Crankshaft runout limit 0.06 mm (0.0023 inch)
Crankshaft Thrust Play
Measure this play with crankshaft set in cylinder block in the normal manner, that is, with thrust bearing and journal bearing caps installed. Tighten crankcase bolts to specified torque in such order as indicated in the figure.
NOTE: Tighten 10 mm thread diameter bolts first (following the order shown in figure), then tighten 8 mm thread diameter bolts.
Tightening torque
Crankcase bolt (10 mm thread diameter) (a): 60 Nm (6.0 kgf-m, 43.5 ft. lbs.)
Crankcase bolt (8 mm thread diameter) (b): 27 Nm (2.7 kgf-m, 19.5 ft. lbs.)
Use a dial gauge to read displacement in axial (thrust) direction of crankshaft.
If its limit is exceeded, replace thrust bearing with new standard one or oversize one to obtain standard thrust play.
Crankshaft thrust play
Standard: 0.11 - 0.31 mm (0.0043 - 0.0122 inch)
Limit: 0.38 mm (0.0150 inch)
Thickness of crankshaft thrust bearing
Standard: 2.500 mm (0.984 inch)
Oversize (0.125 mm (0.0049 inch): 2.563 mm (0.1009 inch)
Out-of-Round and Taper (Uneven Wear) of Journals
An unevenly worn crankshaft journal shows up as a difference in diameter at a cross section or along its length (or both). This difference, if any, is determined by taking micrometer readings. If any one of journals is badly damaged or if amount of uneven wear in the sense explained exceeds its limit, regrind or replace crankshaft.
Crank journal out-of-round (a - b) and taper (c - d)
Limit: 0.01 mm (0
Main Bearing Inspection
NOTE: Before inspecting main bearings, note the following points.
^ Service main bearings are available in standard size and 0.25 mm (0.0098 inch) undersize, and each of them has 5 kinds of bearings differing in tolerance.
^ Upper half of bearing (1) has oil groove (2) as shown in the figure. Install this half with oil groove toward cylinder block
^ Lower half of bearing does not have oil groove.
Visual Inspection
Check bearings for pitting, scratches, wear or damage.
If any malcondition is found, replace both upper and lower halves. Never replace either half without replacing the other half.
Main Bearing Clearance
Check clearance by using gauging plastic (1) according to the following procedure.
1. Remove crankcase.
2. Clean bearings and main journals.
3. Place a piece of gauging plastic (1) to full width of bearing (parallel to crankshaft) on journal, avoiding oil hole.
4. Install crankcase to cylinder block.
Tighten crankcase bolts, following sequence in the figure. Tighten crankcase bolts to specified torque.
NOTE: Tighten 10 mm thread diameter bolts first (following the order shown in the figure) then tighten 8 mm thread diameter bolts.
Tightening torque
Crankcase bolt (10 mm thread diameter) (a): 60 Nm (6.0 kgf-m, 43.5 ft. lbs.)
Crankcase bolt (8 mm thread diameter) (b): 27 Nm (2.7 kgf-m, 19.5 ft. lbs.)
NOTE: Do not rotate crankshaft while gauging plastic is installed.
5. Remove crankcase and using scale (2) on gauging plastic (1) envelop, measure gauging plastic (1) width at its widest point. If clearance exceeds its limit, replace bearing. Always replace both upper and lower inserts as a unit. A new standard bearing may produce proper clearance. If not, it will be necessary to regrind crankshaft journal for use of 0.25 mm undersize bearing. After selecting new bearing, recheck clearance.
Main bearing clearance
Standard: 0.0210 - 0.0390 mm (0.0009 - 0.0015 inch)
Limit: 0.0550 mm (0.0021 inch)
Selection of Main Bearings
Standard bearing
If bearing is in malcondition, or bearing clearance is out of specification, select a new standard bearing according to the following procedure and install it.
1. First check journal diameter. As shown in the figure, crank web has stamped numbers and alphabet at the center.Nine kinds of numbers
("1"through "9") represent the following journal diameters.
Journal diameter
1: 64.994 - 65.000 mm (2.25588 - 2.25591 inch)
2: 64.988 - 64.994 mm (2.25586 - 2.2588 inch)
3: 64.982 - 64.988 mm (2.25583 - 2.2586 inch)
4: 65.0030 - 65.0060 mm (2.55917 - 2.55928 inch)
5: 65.0000 - 65.0029 mm (2.55905 - 2.55916 inch)
6: 64.9970 - 64.9999 mm (2.55893 - 2.55904 inch)
7: 64.9940 - 64.9969 mm (2.55882 - 2.55892 inch)
8: 64.9910 - 64.9939 mm (2.55870 - 2.55881 inch)
9: 64.9880 - 64.9909 mm (2.55858 - 2.55869 inch)
2. Next, check crankcase (bearing cap) bore diameter without bearing. On lower surface of lower crankcase 4 alphabets are stamped as shown in the figure. Three kinds of alphabets (A, B and C) represent the following cap bore diameters.
Main bearing cap bore diameter
3. There are 5 kinds of standard bearings differing in thickness. To distinguish them, they are painted in following colors at the position as indicated in the figure. Each color indicates the following thickness at the center of bearing.
Note: The following bearings are not supplied because they are
unnecessary in this selection procedure.
Upper main bearing: Brown
Lower main bearing: Black
Standard size main bearing thickness
Black: 2.4970 - 2.5000 mm (0.09831 - 0.098042 inch)
No Paint: 2.5000- 2.5030 mm (0.09843- 0.09854 inch)
Yellow: 2.5030 - 2.5030 mm (0.09855 - 0.09866 inch)
Blue: 2.5060 - 2.5090 mm (0.09867 - 0.09877 inch)
Pink: 2.5090 - 2.5120 mm (0.09878 - 0.09889 inch)
Brown 2.5120 - 2.5150 mm (0.09890 - 0.09901 inch)
Standard size main bearing thickness
4. From number stamped on crank webs at its center and alphabets stamped on crankcase lower side, determine new standard bearing to be installed to journal, by referring to the table shown. For example, if number stamped on crank webs is "4" and alphabet stamped on crankcase is "A", install a new standard bearing painted in "Black" Cylinder block side journal and "Colorless" to lower crankcase side journal
New standard size bearing specification
5. Using gauging plastic, check bearing clearance with newly selected standard bearing. If clearance still exceeds its limit, use next thicker bearing and recheck clearance.
6. When replacing crankshaft or cylinder block and crankcase due to any reason, select new standard bearings to be installed by referring to number stamped on new crankshaft or alphabets stamped on new crankcase lower side.
Undersize bearing (0.25 mm)
UNDERSIZE BEARING (0.25 mm):
0.25 mm undersize bearing is available, in five kinds varying in thickness.
To distinguish them, each bearing is painted (1) in the colors at such position as indicated in figure.
Each color represents the thickness at the center of bearing.
Undersize main bearing thickness
Black & Red 2.6220 - 2.6250 mm (0.10335 - 0.10346 inch)
Red Only 2.6250 - 2.6280 mm (0.0843 - 0.08354 inch)
Yelow & Red 2.6280 - 2.6310 mm (0.10347 - 0.10358 inch)
Blue & Red 2.6310 - 2.6340 mm (0.10359 - 0.10370 inch)
Pink & Red 2.6340 - 2.6370 mm (0.10371 - 0.10382inch)
If necessary, regrind crankshaft journal and select under-size bearing to use with it as follows.
Undersize main bearing thickness
1. Regrind journal to the following finished diameter.
Finished journal diameter 64.732 - 64.750 mm (2.5485 - 2.5492 inch)
2. Using micrometer, measure reground journal diameter.
Measurement should be taken in two directions perpendicular to each other in order to check for out-of-round.
3. Using journal diameter measured and alphabets stamped on lower crankcase, select an undersize bearing.
Check bearing clearance with newly selected undersize bearing.
Installation
^ All parts to be installed must be perfectly clean.
^ Be sure to oil crankshaft journals, journal bearings, thrust bearings, crank pins, connecting rod bearings' pistons, piston rings and cylinder bores.
^ Journal bearings, crankcase (bearings caps), connecting rods, rod bearings, rod bearing caps, pistons and piston rings are in combination sets. Do not disturb combination and try to see that each part goes back to where it came from, when installing.
^ Clean mating surface of cylinder block and crankcase, remove oil, old sealant and dust from mating surface.
1. Fit main bearings to cylinder block.
One of two halves of main bearing, has oil groove. Install this half with oil groove to cylinder block, and another half without oil groove to crankcase.
Make sure that two halves are painted in the same color.
2. Install O-ring to cylinder block.
3. Fit thrust bearings (1) to cylinder block between No.2 and No.3 cylinders.
Face oil groove (2) sides to crank webs.
4. Put crankshaft to cylinder block.
5. Apply sealant "A" to crankcase mating surface area as shown in the figure.
"A": Sealant 99000-31150
6. Install crankcase to cylinder block. Apply oil to crankcase bolts before installing them. Tighten crankcase bolts, the following sequence in figure. Tighten crankcase bolts to specified torque.
NOTE: Tighten 10 mm thread diameter bolts first (the following the order shown in figure), then tighten 8 mm thread diameter bolts.
Tightening torque
Crankcase bolt (10 mm thread diameter) (a): 60 Nm (6.0 kgf-m, 43.5 ft. lbs.)
Crankcase bolt (8 mm thread diameter) (b): 27 Nm (2.7 kgf-m, 19.5 ft. lbs.)
NOTE: After tightening crankcase bolts, check to be sure that crankshaft rotates smoothly when turned by hand.
7. Using special tools (Oil seal installer and oil seal guide), install rear oil seal (1).
Special tool
(B): 09911-97810
(C): 09911 -97710
8. Install flywheel (M/T vehicle) or drive plate (A/T vehicle). Using special tool, lock flywheel or drive plate, and tighten flywheel or drive plate bolts to specification.
"A": Sealant 99000-31110
Special tool (A): 09924-17810
Tightening torque
Flywheel (or drive plate) bolt (c): 70 Nm (7.0 kgf-m, 51.0 ft. lbs.)
9. Install oil pump.
10. Install pistons and connecting rods.
11. Install oil pump strainer and oil pan.
12. Install cylinder heads assembly to cylinder block.
13. Install oil pump chain.
14. Install RH bank 2nd timing chain and tensioner.
15. Install 1st timing chain and tensioner.
16. Install LH bank 2nd timing chain and tensioner.
17. Install timing chain cover and crankshaft pulley.
18. Install cylinder head covers.
19. Install exhaust manifold.
20. Install throttle body with intake manifold.
21. Install clutch to flywheel (for M/T vehicle).
22. Install engine assembly to vehicle.
Crankshaft Inspection
Crankshaft Runout
Using a dial gauge, measure runout at center journal. Rotate crankshaft slowly. If runout exceeds its limit, replace crankshaft.
Crankshaft runout limit 0.06 mm (0.0023 inch)
Crankshaft Thrust Play
Measure this play with crankshaft set in cylinder block in the normal manner, that is, with thrust bearing and journal bearing caps installed. Tighten crankcase bolts to specified torque in such order as indicated in the figure.
NOTE: Tighten 10 mm thread diameter bolts first (following the order shown in figure), then tighten 8 mm thread diameter bolts.
Tightening torque
Crankcase bolt (10 mm thread diameter) (a): 60 Nm (6.0 kgf-m, 43.5 ft. lbs.)
Crankcase bolt (8 mm thread diameter) (b): 27 Nm (2.7 kgf-m, 19.5 ft. lbs.)
Use a dial gauge to read displacement in axial (thrust) direction of crankshaft.
If its limit is exceeded, replace thrust bearing with new standard one or oversize one to obtain standard thrust play.
Crankshaft thrust play
Standard: 0.11 - 0.31 mm (0.0043 - 0.0122 inch)
Limit: 0.38 mm (0.0150 inch)
Thickness of crankshaft thrust bearing
Standard: 2.500 mm (0.984 inch)
Oversize (0.125 mm (0.0049 inch): 2.563 mm (0.1009 inch)
Main Bearing Clearance
Rear Oil Seal and Flywheel Inspection
Rear Oil Seal
Carefully inspect oil seal for wear or damage. If lip portion is worn or damaged, replace oil seal.
Flywheel
^ If ring gear is damaged, cracked or worn, replace flywheel.
^ If the surface contacting clutch disc is damaged, or excessively worn, replace flywheel.
^ Check flywheel for face runout with a dial gauge. If runout exceeds its limit, replace flywheel.
Flywheel runout limit 0.2 mm (0.0078 inch)
Cylinder Block Inspection
Distortion of Gasketed Surface
Using straightedge and thickness gauge, check gasketed surface for distortion and, if flatness exceeds its limit, correct it.
Gasketed surface flatness limit 0.06 mm (0.0024 inch)
Honing or rebating cylinders
1. When any cylinder needs reboring, all other cylinders must also be rebored at the same time.
2. Select oversized piston according to amount of cylinder wear.
Oversize piston diameter specification
Standard: 87.970 - 87.990 mm (3.4634 - 3.4642 inch)
Oversize 0.25: 88.220 - 88.240 mm (3.4732 - 3.4740 inch)
Oversize 0.50: 88.470 - 88.490 mm (3.4831 - 3.4839 inch)
3. Using micrometer, measure piston diameter.
4. Calculate cylinder bore diameter to be rebored as follows.
D = A + B - C
Cylinder bore diameter to be rebored
A: Piston diameter as measured
B: Piston clearance = 0.02 - 0.04 mm (0.0008 - 0.0015 inch)
C: Allowance for honing = 0.02 mm (0.0008 inch)
5. Rebore and hone cylinder to calculated dimension.
NOTE: Before reboring, install all main bearing caps in place and tighten to specification to avoid distortion of bearing bores.
6. Measure piston clearance after honing.