Starter Solenoid Does Not Click
Starter Solenoid Does Not ClickDiagnostic Instructions
^ Perform the [Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle Diagnostic Information] prior to using this diagnostic procedure. Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle Diagnostic Information
^ Review [Strategy Based Diagnosis] for an overview of the diagnostic approach. Strategy Based Diagnosis
^ [Diagnostic Procedure Instructions - Vehicle Diagnostic Information] provides an overview of each diagnostic category. Diagnostic Procedure Instructions - Vehicle Diagnostic Information
Diagnostic Fault Information
Circuit/System Description
When the ignition switch is placed in the START position, a discrete signal is supplied to the body control module (BCM) notifying it that the ignition is in the START position. The BCM then sends a message to the engine control module (ECM) that crank has been requested. The ECM then verifies that the transmission is in Park or Neutral. If it is, the ECM then supplies 12 volts to the control circuit of the crank relay. When this occurs, battery voltage is supplied through the switch of the crank relay to S terminal of the starter solenoid.
Circuit/System Verification
1. Ignition ON, verify that no starter relay, theft deterrent, or automatic transmission DTCs are set that would cause the ECM to disable starting.
^ If DTCs are set, refer to [Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle Diagnostic Information]. Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) List - Vehicle
2. Ignition ON, observe the scan tool BCM Current Power Mode parameter. Place ignition switch in the crank position, the parameter should display Crank Request.
^ If not the specified value, refer to [Power Mode Mismatch]. Power Mode Mismatch
3. Transmission range selector in park, verify the scan tool ECM PNP Switch and TCM TR Switch parameters display Park/Neutral.
^ If the TCM TR Switch parameter does not indicate Park/Neutral. Refer to TCM TR Switch Circuit Malfunction.
^ If the ECM Park/Neutral parameter does not indicate Park/Neutral. Refer to ECM Park Switch Circuit Malfunction.
4. Transmission range selector in park or neutral, attempt to start the vehicle. The starter relay should click and the engine should begin cranking.
^ If the crank relay does not click or the engine does not crank, refer to Starter Relay Circuit Malfunction.
Circuit/System Testing
TCM TR Switch Circuit Malfunction
1. Inspect the TCM connectors are correctly seated and secure.
2. Verify that the shift cable is properly routed and adjusted. Refer to [Shift Control Cable Adjustment].
3. If all connections are secure and the cable is properly routed and adjusted, replace the TCM/TR switch.
ECM Park Switch Circuit Malfunction (AF33-5)
1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector at the TCM X1 connector.
2. Ignition ON, install a 3 A fused jumper wire between the TCM XI connector terminal 5 and ground. Verify the scan tool ECM PNP switch parameter displays Park/Neutral.
^ If not the specified value, test the signal circuit for an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM.
3. If all circuits test normal, replace the TCM/TR Switch.
Starter Relay Circuit Malfunction
1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the starter relay.
2. Test for less than 1 ohm between the ground circuit terminal 85 and ground.
^ If greater than the specified range, test the ground circuit for an open/high resistance.
3. Ignition ON, verify a test lamp illuminates between the relay switch B+ circuit terminal 30 and ground.
^ If the test lamp does not illuminate, test the B+ circuit for a short to ground or an open/high resistance.
4. Ensure the parking brake is applied and the transmission is in PARK. Momentarily install a 40 A fused jumper wire between the B+ circuit terminal 30 and the control output circuit terminal 87. The starter solenoid should engage and the engine should begin cranking.
^ If the solenoid does not engage, test the control output circuit for a short to ground or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, test or replace the starter motor.
5. Connect a test lamp between the coil control circuit terminal 86 and the coil ground circuit terminal 85.
6. With the transmission range selector in park or neutral, cycle the ignition key between the OFF and CRANK position. The test lamp should turn ON and OFF when changing between the commanded states.
^ If the test lamp is always ON, test the control circuit for a short to voltage. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM.
^ If the test lamp is always OFF, test the control circuit for a short to ground or an open/high resistance. If the circuit tests normal, replace the ECM.
7. If all circuits test normal, test or replace the starter relay.
Component Testing
1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the starter relay.
2. Test for 60-180 ohms between terminals 85 and 86.
^ If the resistance is not within the specified range, replace the relay.
3. Test for infinite resistance between the following terminals:
^ 30 and 86
^ 30 and 87
^ 30 and 85
^ 85 and 87
^ If not the specified value, replace the relay.
4. Install a 20 A fused jumper wire between terminal 85 and 12 volts. Install a jumper wire between terminal 86 and ground. Test for less than 2.0 ohms between terminals 30 and 87.
^ If greater than the specified range, replace the relay.
Repair Instructions
Perform the [Diagnostic Repair Verification -Vehicle Diagnostic Information] after completing the diagnostic procedure. Diagnostic Repair Verification - Vehicle Diagnostic Information
^ [Relay Replacement (Within an Electrical Center)] [Relay Replacement (Attached to Wire Harness)]
^ [Transmission Control Module Removal]
^ [Starter Motor Replacement]