P0502

DTC P0502 Vehicle Speed Sensor No Signal (Engine Side)

Circuit Diagram:

Circuit Description
Vehicle speed information is provided to the Engine Control Module (ECM) by the Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS). The VSS is a permanent magnet generator that is mounted in the transaxle and produces a pulsing voltage whenever vehicle speed is over 3 mph (5 km/h). The Alternating Current (AC) voltage level and the number of pulses increases with vehicle speed. The ECM converts the pulsing voltage into mph (km/h) and then supplies the necessary signal to the instrument panel for speedometer/ odometer operation and to the cruise control module and multi-function alarm module operation. This Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) will detect if vehicle speed is reasonable according to engine rpm and load.

Conditions for Setting the DTC
- Vehicle speed is less than 5 km/h (3.1 mph) for Power and Decel test.
- Engine is running.
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) is greater than 60 °C (140 °F).
- Ignition voltage is between 11 and 16 volts.
- Power Test
- The rpm is between 1200 and 4000.
- Throttle Position (TP) sensor is between 25% and 60%.
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) is greater than 60 kPa (8.7 psi).

- Deceleration Test
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) is less than 30 kPa (4.4 psi)
- Change in rpm per cycle is less than 50 rpm/cycle.
- Throttle Position (TP) sensor is less than or equal to 0.8%.
- The rpm is between 1800 and 6000.

- DTC(s) P0106, P0107, P0108, P0115, P0116, P0117, P0118, P0122, P0123, P0126, P0201, P0202, P0203, P0204, P0217, P0300, P0351, P0352, P0402, P0404, P1404, P0405, and P0406 are not set.

Action Taken When the DTC Sets
- The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) will illuminate.
- The ECM will record operating conditions at the time the diagnostic fails. This information will be stored in the Freeze Frame and Failure Records buffers.
- A history DTC is stored.

Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
- The MIL will turn off after four consecutive ignition cycles in which the diagnostic runs without a fault.
- A history DTC will clear after 40 consecutive warm-up cycles without a fault.
- DTC(s) can be cleared by using the scan tool.
- Disconnecting the ECM battery feed for more than 10 seconds.

Diagnostic Aids
An intermittent problem may be caused by a poor connection, rubbed-through wire insulation, or a wire that is broken inside the insulation. VSS signal circuit should be thoroughly checked for the following conditions:
- Backed-out terminals
- Improper mating
- Broken locks
- Improperly formed
- Damaged terminals
- Poor terminal-to-wire connection
- Physical damage to the wiring harness

Ensure the VSS is correctly tightened with proper torque to the transmission housing. Refer to Intermittents.

Test Description
Number(s) below refer to the step number(s) on the Diagnostic Table.
1. The On-Board Diagnostic (OBD II) System Check prompts the technician to complete some basic checks and store the freeze frame and failure records data on the scan tool if applicable. This creates an electronic copy of the data taken when the malfunction occurred. The information is then stored on the scan tool for later reference.
2. The permanent magnet generator only produces a signal if the drive wheels are turning greater than 5 mph (8 km/h). This step determines if DTC P0502 is the result of a hard failure or an intermittent condition.
3. Proper engine loads cannot be achieved in a shop environment to properly run the vehicle within the Freeze Frame Data conditions. It will be necessary to drive the vehicle on the road to obtain the proper engine loads.
4. This step verifies that the ECM is receiving a signal from the vehicle speed sensor.
5. Refer to service bulletin information for the latest calibration update.
6. Refer to the latest Techline information for programming procedures.
8. A resistance reading that is higher than the specified value indicates that the VSS circuitry is open.
10. If the displayed resistance is less than the 1300 ohms, the VSS high and low circuits are shorted together.
11. This checks the resistance of the VSS if no opens or shorts were found on the VSS high and low circuits.
13. The replacement ECM must be reprogrammed. Refer to the latest Techline procedure for ECM reprogramming.

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