Electronic Fuel Injection and Control System Description

PURPOSE
The Toyota Computer Controlled System (TCCS) consists of sensors which detect various engine conditions and an Engine Control Module (ECM) which controls the fuel injection timing, the self diagnostic function, the ignition timing control, the idle speed control, the fuel pressure control and the fuel pump control.

OPERATION
The TCCS controls these systems in the following manner;

Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI)
The ECM receives signals from various sensors indicating changing engine operating conditions such as; Intake air volume, Engine speed, Intake air temperature, Acceleration/deceleration, Engine coolant temperature, Exhaust oxygen content etc.. These signals are utilized by the ECM to determine the injection duration necessary for an optimum air-fuel ratio.

Electronic Spark Advance (ESA)
The ECM is programmed with data for optimum ignition timing under all operating conditions. Again, using data provided by sensors which monitor various changing engine conditions the ECM triggers the spark at precisely the right instant.

Fail-Safe Function
In the event of a sensor malfunction, a backup circuit will take over to provide minimal driveability, and the malfunction indicator lamp will light up.

Diagnosis Function
When the ECM detects a malfunction or abnormalities in the sensor network, it lights the malfunction indicator lamp in the combination meter. At the same time, the trouble is identified and a diagnostic trouble code is recorded by the ECM. The diagnostic trouble code can be read by the number of blinks of the malfunction indicator lamp when terminals TE1 and E1 are connected. The diagnostic trouble codes are explained in Testing and Inspection; Procedures. Testing and Inspection