Operation

OPERATION

1. OPERATING CONDITIONS





2. FUNCTION OF COMPONENTS











3. HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM



The hydraulic control system is composed of the oil pump, the valve body, the solenoid valves, and the clutches and brakes, as well as the fluid passages which connect all of these components. Based on the hydraulic pressure created by the oil pump, the hydraulic control system governs the hydraulic pressure acting on the torque converter clutch, clutches and brakes in accordance with the vehicle driving conditions.
There are 3 solenoid valves on the valve body.
The No. 1 and No.2 solenoid valves are turned on and off by signals from the ECM to operate the shift valves and change the gear shift position.
The lock-up solenoid valve is operated by signals from the ECM to engage or disengage the lock-up clutch of the torque converter clutch.

LINE PRESSURE:
Line pressure is the most basic and important pressure used in the automatic transmission, because it is used to operate all of the clutches and brakes in the transmission.
If the primary regulator valve does not operate correctly, line pressure will be either too high or too low. Line pressure that is too high will lead to shifting shock and consequent engine power loss due to the greater effort required of the oil pump; line pressure that is too low will cause slippage of clutches and brakes, which will, in extreme cases, prevent the vehicle from moving. Therefore, if either of these problems are noted, the line pressure should be measured to see if it is within specification.

THROTTLE PRESSURE:
Throttle pressure is always kept in accordance with the opening angle of the engine throttle valve. This throttle pressure acts on the primary regulator valve and, the line pressure is regulated according to the throttle valve opening.
In the hydraulically controlled automatic transmission, throttle pressure is used for regulating line pressure and as signal pressure for up-shift and down-shift of the transmission. In the electronically controlled transmission, however, throttle pressure is used only for regulating line pressure. Consequently, improper adjustment of the transmission throttle cable may result in a line pressure that is too high or too low. This, in turn, will lead to shifting shock or clutch and brake slippage.

4. ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM
The electronic control system, which controls the shift points and the operation of the lock-up clutch, is composed of the following 3 parts:





1. Sensors: These sensors sense the vehicle speed, throttle opening and other conditions and send these data to the ECM in the form of electrical signals.
2. ECM: The ECM determines the shift and lock-up timing based upon the signals from sensors, and controls the solenoid valves of the hydraulic control unit accordingly.
3. Actuators: These are 3 solenoid valves that control hydraulic pressure acting on the hydraulic valves to control shifting and lock-up timing.