Immobilizer Description and Operation (with RPO Y41)
Immobilizer Description and Operation (with RPO Y41)
Immobilizer System
The immobilizer system is incorporated into the remote control door lock receiver (RCDLR). The immobilizer is provided in order to prevent the vehicle operation if an incorrect or unprogrammed keyless entry transmitter is used in an attempt to start the vehicle. When the ignition mode switch is depressed and rotated, the console passive antenna broadcasts a challenge to the transmitter. Both the RCDLR and the transmitter perform a calculation based on this challenge. The transmitter will transmit its calculation result to the RCDLR via radio frequency (RF). If both calculations match, vehicle starting will be allowed. This is accomplished by the RCDLR sending a fuel enable message to the engine control module (ECM).
The design of the immobilizer system is to prevent vehicle theft by disabling the engine unless the correct transmitter is present when attempting to start the vehicle. The system is similar in concept to conventional immobilizer system which use a normal vehicle key. The components of the immobilizer system are as follows:
* Ignition mode switch
* Keyless entry transmitters
* Console passive keyless entry antenna
* RCDLR
* Security indicator
* ECM
Ignition Mode Switch
The igniiton mode switch is located at the right side of the steering column. The ignition mode switch is used to start the vehicle engine, turn OFF the vehicle, put the vehicle in ACC mode, or put the vehicle in RUN mode.
Keyless Entry Transmitter
The keyless entry transmitters are not only used to passively or actively lock and unlock the vehicle, they are also used to allow vehicle starting. If the RCDLR does not receive a valid RF response after the transmitter is challenged, the RCDLR will not send a fuel enable message to the ECM. If the RCDLR is unable to establish communication with the transmitter during an attempted engine start, the ELECTRONIC KEY NOT DETECTED message will display on the driver information center (DIC).
When any one of the programmed key fobs are challenged by pressing the start button, it will passively send a RF signal to the RCDLR. The RCDLR will then send a serial data message to the ECM to enable engine starting.
Keyless Entry Antenna - Console Passive
The console passive keyless entry antenna is located in the center console and is controlled by the RCDLR. It has a small pocket next to it where the transmitter can be inserted if the transmitter battery is dead, weak, or the RF signal is being interrupted.
The purpose of the console passive antenna is to send a low frequency RF challenge to a programmed transmitter within the interior of the vehicle when the ignition mode switch is rotated.
Remote Control Door Lock Receiver (RCDLR)
The console passive antenna is controlled by the RCDLR. The RCDLR will send an AC voltage signal and provide ground to the console passive antenna when the ignition mode switch is rotated. This will enable the console passive antenna to send out a low frequency broadcast challenge to a transmitter. The RCDLR also has an internal radio frequency (RF) antenna to receive the transmitters passively or actively sent responses. The RCDLR is responsible for sending the fuel enable message to the ECM if all the requirements are met.
Security Indicator
The security indicator appears on the instrument panel cluster (IPC). If the security indicator flashes or is illuminated continuously during vehicle operation, a malfunction exists within the immobilizer system. The security indicator is a dual purpose indicator. With the ignition OFF, the indicator it is controlled by the body control module (BCM) as a status indicator for the content theft deterrent system. With the ignition ON, it is controlled by the immobilizer system as a fault indicator.
Engine Control Module (ECM)
The ECM communicates with the RCDLR over the serial data line. If the RCDLR receives a valid transmitter RF response, the RCDLR will send the fuel enable message to the ECM to enable the starting system. If the RCDLR does not receive a valid response from the transmitter, the RCDLR will send the fuel disable message, indicating to the ECM that vehicle starting should not be allowed. Additionally, if the fuel enable password received by the ECM does match the stored password, vehicle starting will be disabled.