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P0641




DTC P0641 or P0651

Diagnostic Instructions

* Perform the Diagnostic System Check - Vehicle (Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview) prior to using this diagnostic procedure.
* Review Strategy Based Diagnosis (Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview) for an overview of the diagnostic approach.
* Diagnostic Procedure Instructions (Initial Inspection and Diagnostic Overview) provides an overview of each diagnostic category.

DTC Descriptors
DTC P0641
- 5-Volt Reference 1 Circuit

DTC P0651
- 5-Volt Reference 2 Circuit

Diagnostic Fault Information





Circuit/System Description

The engine control module (ECM) has 2 internal 5-volt reference busses called 5-volt reference 1 and 5-volt reference 2. Each reference bus provides 5-volt reference circuits for more than one sensor. Therefore, a fault condition on one 5-volt reference circuit will affect the other 5-volt reference circuits connected to that reference bus. The ECM monitors the voltage on the 5-volt reference busses.

The 5-volt reference 1 bus provides 5 volts to the following sensors:

* The air conditioning (A/C) refrigerant pressure sensor
* The manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
* The fuel tank pressure (FTP) sensor
* The accelerator pedal position (APP) sensor 2
* The camshaft position (CMP) sensors
* The Engine Oil Pressure (EOP) sensor
* The Supercharger Intake Air Pressure (SIAP) sensor

The 5-volt reference 2 bus provides 5 volts to the following sensors:

* The APP sensor 1
* The throttle position (TP) sensor 1 and 2
* The crankshaft position (CKP) sensor

Conditions for Running the DTC

* DTCs P0601, P0602, P0603, P0604, P0606, P0607, P060D, P062F, P1680 and P2610 are not set.
* The ignition is ON.
* The ignition voltage is more than 5.23 volts.
* DTCs P0641 and P0651 run continuously when the above conditions are met.

Conditions for Setting the DTC

The ECM detects a voltage out of tolerance condition on the 5-volt reference 1 or 2 bus for more than 0.5 second.

Action Taken When the DTC Sets

* The control module illuminates the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) when the diagnostic runs and fails.
* The control module records the operating conditions at the time the diagnostic fails. The control module stores this information in the Freeze Frame/Failure Records.

Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC

* The control module turns OFF the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) after 3 consecutive ignition cycles that the diagnostic runs and does not fail.
* A current DTC, Last Test Failed, clears when the diagnostic runs and passes.
* A history DTC clears after 40 consecutive warm-up cycles, if no failures are reported by this or any other emission related diagnostic.
* Clear the MIL and the DTC with a scan tool.

Reference Information
Schematic Reference

Engine Controls Schematics (Electrical Diagrams)
Connector End View Reference

Component Connector End Views (Connector Views)
Electrical Information Reference

* Circuit Testing (Component Tests and General Diagnostics)
* Connector Repairs (Component Tests and General Diagnostics)
* Testing for Intermittent Conditions and Poor Connections (Component Tests and General Diagnostics)
* Wiring Repairs (Component Tests and General Diagnostics)

Scan Tool Reference

Control Module References (Programming and Relearning) for scan tool information

Circuit/System Verification

Ignition ON, observe the scan tool 5-volt reference 1 and 2 parameters. The reading should display Circuit OK for a normally operating system.

Circuit/System Testing

Important: Additional DTCs may set when disconnecting components.


1. Ignition OFF, disconnect the harness connector of all the sensors connected tot he 5-volt reference bus for the applicable DTC. Refer to Circuit/System Description.

Important: A short to voltage on the signal circuit of certain components may cause this DTC to set.


2. Ignition ON, test for 4.8-5.2 volts between one of the 5-volt reference circuits and ground.

If less than the specified range, test all of the 5-volt reference circuits for a short to ground. If all circuits test normal, replace the ECM.
If greater than the specified range, test for a short to voltage on all of the 5-volt reference circuits or the signal circuit for each component associated with the appropriate 5-volt reference bus for a short to voltage. If all circuits test normal, replace the ECM.

3. Connect each component associated with the appropriate 5-volt reference bus, one at a time, while monitoring the voltage. The voltage should not change more than 1 volt.

If the voltage display changes more than the specified range when a component is connected, replace the component.

Repair Instructions

Perform the Diagnostic Repair Verification (Verification Tests) after completing the diagnostic procedure.

* Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Replacement (Service and Repair)
* Air Conditioning (A/C) Refrigerant Pressure Sensor Replacement (Service and Repair)
* Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Replacement (Service and Repair)
* Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Replacement (Service and Repair)
* Throttle Body Assembly Replacement (Removal and Replacement)
* Control Module References (Programming and Relearning) for ECM replacement, setup, and programming