P0018
1GR-FE ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM: SFI SYSTEM: P0016: Crankshaft Position - Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 1 Sensor A)
DTC P0016 - Crankshaft Position - Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 1 Sensor A)
DTC P0018 - Crankshaft Position - Camshaft Position Correlation (Bank 2 Sensor A)
DESCRIPTION
The Crankshaft Position (CKP) sensor system consists of a CKP sensor plate and a pickup coil. The sensor plate has 34 teeth and is installed on the crankshaft. The pickup coil is made of an iron core and a magnet.
The sensor plate rotates and as each tooth passes by the pickup coil, a pulse signal is created. The pickup coil generates 34 signals per engine revolution. Based on these signals, the ECM calculates the crankshaft position and engine RPM. Using these calculations, the fuel injection time and ignition timing are controlled.
Reference: Inspection using an oscilloscope
HINT:
- The correct waveform is shown on the illustration.
- VV1+ and VV2+ stands for the VVT sensor signal, and NE+ stands for the CKP sensor signal.
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The ECM optimizes the valve timing by using the VVT (Variable Valve Timing) system to control the intake camshaft. The VVT system includes the ECM, the Oil Control Valve (OCV) and the VVT controller.
The ECM sends a target duty-cycle control signal to the OCV. This control signal regulates the oil pressure applied to the VVT controller. The VVT controller can advance or retard the intake camshaft. The ECM calibrates the intake valve timing by setting the intake camshaft to the most retarded angle while the engine is idling. The ECM closes the OCV to retard the cam. The ECM stores this value as the VVT learning value. When the difference between the target and actual intake valve timings is 5° CA (Crankshaft Angle) or less, the ECM stores it.
If the VVT learning value matches the following conditions, the ECM determines the existence of a malfunction in the VVT system, and sets the DTC.
- The VVT learning value: Less than 22.5° CA, or more than 45.2° CA.
- The above condition continues for 18 seconds or more.
This DTC indicates that the intake camshaft has been installed toward the crankshaft at an incorrect angle, caused by factors such as the timing chain having jumped a tooth.
This monitor begins to run after the engine has idled for 5 minutes.
MONITOR STRATEGY
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
P0016 and P0018:
WIRING DIAGRAM
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
HINT: Read freeze frame data using the Techstream. The ECM records vehicle and driving condition information as freeze frame data the moment a DTC is stored. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can be helpful in determining whether the vehicle was running or stopped, whether the engine was warmed up or not, whether the air/fuel ratio was lean or rich, as well as other data recorded at the time of a malfunction.
PROCEDURE
1. CHECK ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO DTC P0016 OR P0018)
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch on and turn the tester on.
(c) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.
(d) Read the DTCs.
Result
B -- GO TO DTC CHART
A -- Continue to next step.
2. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING TECHSTREAM (OPERATE OCV)
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Start the engine and turn the tester on.
(c) Warm up the engine.
(d) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the VVT System (Bank 1) or Control the VVT System (Bank 2).
(e) Check the engine speed while operating the Oil Control Valve (OCV) using the tester.
OK
NG -- INSPECT CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSEMBLY
OK -- Continue to next step.
3. ADJUST VALVE TIMING P0011
NEXT -- CONFIRM WHETHER MALFUNCTION HAS BEEN SUCCESSFULLY REPAIRED
4. INSPECT CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSEMBLY P0011
NG -- REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSEMBLY
OK -- Continue to next step.
5. INSPECT OIL CONTROL VALVE FILTER
(a) Remove the OCV filter Disassembly.
(b) Check that the filter is not clogged.
OK:
Filter is not clogged.
NG -- REPLACE OIL CONTROL VALVE FILTER
OK -- Continue to next step.
6. REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING GEAR ASSEMBLY
(a) Replace the camshaft timing gear assembly Disassembly.
NEXT -- Continue to next step.
7. CONFIRM WHETHER MALFUNCTION HAS BEEN SUCCESSFULLY REPAIRED
(a) In order to erase the ECM learned values for valve timing, disconnect the cable from the negative (-) battery terminal for 1 minute.
(b) Connect the cable to the negative (-) battery terminal.
(c) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(d) Turn the ignition switch on and turn the tester on.
(e) Clear the DTCs DTC Check / Clear.
(f) Start the engine and idle it for 5 minutes.
(g) Drive the vehicle in an urban area for approximately 10 minutes.
(h) Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.
(i) Read the DTCs.
Result:
DTCs are not output.
NG -- REPLACE ECM
OK -- END