ABS-221
H. ABS-221, ABS-222 wheel sensor signalABS-221 wheel sensor signal LH front wheel, ABS control phase too long
ABS-222 wheel sensor signal RH front wheel, ABS control phase too long
HA. DTC information
Condition
When the control module via the wheel sensor registers that the wheel stops or rotates too slowly in relation to the vehicle reference speed when driving or ABS regulation when the speed is above 20 km/h (12.5 mph), the control module activates the inlet and outlet valves so that the wheel increases in speed. If the wheel speed has not increased after 28 seconds and the wheel sensor circuit is unbroken, DTC ABS-221 or ABS-222 are posted depending on the wheel sensor
Substitute value
- ABS/TRACS cuts out
- EBD system is available.
Possible source
- Loose wheel sensor
- Defective wheel sensor
- Defective pulse wheel
- Wheel locking when driving
- Defective hydraulic unit
Fault symptom(s)
- If the ABS function cuts out, there is a risk of the wheels locking when braking.
- In cars with TRACS, the anti-wheelslip system cuts out.
Caution! If the fault becomes intermittent, the ABS warning indicator will only go out once the speed exceeds 20 km/h (12.5 mph) in the next driving cycle.
HB. Other DTCs, status, notifications and status checks
[HB1]
Status notification
Is a permanent fault posted ?
Yes: HB2
No: Fault-trace as per HD. ABS control phase too long intermittent fault.
[HB2]
Other DTCs
Select one of the following alternatives to continue
Alternative 1: Fault-trace as per HC. ABS control phase too long. Permanent fault.
Alternative 2: HB4
[HB3]
Status check
- Ignition on
- Go into running values, list 1
- Note the wheel speeds
- Test drive the vehicle. Maintain a constant speed without turning
Warning! ABS and EBD systems are not available while Volvo Diagnostics is activated. Take great care when test driving as there is a serious risk of the wheels locking when braking
Check that the wheel in question has the same speed as the other wheels
Does the wheel in question have the same speed as the other wheels?
Yes: Fault-trace as per HD. ABS control phase too long. Intermittent fault.
No: Fault-trace as per HC. ABS control phase too long. Permanent fault.
[HB4]
ABS-221 or ABS-222, and ABS-311 or ABS-312 (for the same wheel)
Fault-trace as per JC. Circuit fault. Permanent fault. ABS-311
Then continue with: HB3
HC. ABS control phase too long. Permanent fault.
[HC1]
Connect the test box and check the contact points
Connect test box as per JJJA. Connect the test box Check Communication to Control Module [III]
Then proceed to: HC2
[HC2]
Check the resistance in the wheel sensor circuit
- Ignition off
- Control module disconnected
Connect an ohmmeter between test box:
#4 and #11 (DTC ABS-221).
#3 and #18 (DTC ABS-222).
The ohmmeter should indicate 1040-1160 ohms
If reading is OK: HC6
If reading is incorrect: HC3
[HC3]
Check the wheel sensor resistance
- Ignition off
- Remove the wheel for better access
- Clean around the wheel sensor connector. Brush and blow clean
- Disconnect the wheel sensor
Connect an ohmmeter between wheel sensor connector connections 1 and 2
The ohmmeter should indicate 1040-1160 ohms.
If reading is OK: HC4
If reading is incorrect: HC5
[HC4]
Check for contact resistance and oxidation
- The fault has been caused by poor contact in the wheel sensor connector
Take appropriate action for contact resistance and oxidation in the wheel sensor connector as per [IIIB5]. Check Communication to Control Module [III]
Then continue with: HC18
[HC5]
Replace the component
Test with a new wheel sensor as per [KKKKA]. Front wheel sensor, replacement.
Sensors and Switches - Brakes and Traction Control - Wheel Speed Sensor - Service and Repair - Procedures Service and Repair
Then continue with: HC18
[HC6]
Check the signal leads
- Ignition off
- Connect the control module
- Ignition on
Connect a voltmeter between test box:
#8 and #4 (DTC ABS-221).
#8 and #3 (DTC ABS-222).
The voltmeter should indicate approx. 2.3 V.
If reading is OK: HC9
If value is higher: HC8
If value is lower: HC7
[HC7]
Check for short circuiting
Check the wheel sensor forshort circuitingg to ground as per [IIIB3]. Check Communication to Control Module [III]
Check the cable between wheel sensor connector connection:
1 and control module #11 (DTC ABS- 221)
2 and control module #4 (DTC ABS-221)
1 and control module #18 (DTC ABS-222)
2 and control module #3 (DTC ABS-222)
for short circuiting to ground as per [IIIB3]. Check Communication to Control Module [III]
Then continue with: HC18
[HC8]
Check for short circuiting
Check the cable between wheel sensor connector connection:
1 and control module #11 (DTC ABS -221)
2 and control module #4 (DTC ABS-221)
1 and control module #16 (DTC ABS-222)
2 and control module #3 (DTC ABS-222)
for short circuiting to power as per [IIIB4]. Check Communication to Control Module [III]
Then continue with: HC18
[HC9]
Check the wheel bearing
Check that the wheel bearing of the wheel in question is not jamming
Is the wheel bearing OK?
If reading Is OK: HC11
If reading is incorrect: HC10
[HC10]
Action
Take appropriate action as needed.
The front wheel bearings are not adjustable
Then continue with: HC18
[HC11]
Check the brakes
Hint: A jamming brake can lock one or both wheels when driving. This means that there is no wheel sensor signal
Check that the brake caliper does not jam so that the wheel becomes locked
Are the brakes OK ?
If reading is OK: HC13
If reading is incorrect: HC12
[HC12]
Action
Take appropriate action as needed
Then continue with: HC18
[HC13]
Check the wheel sensor
- Ignition off
Note! Do not disconnect the wheel sensor.
Remove the wheel for better access. Check that the wheel sensor is fitted against the spindle/hub. There should be no dirt between the sensor and the contact surfaces.
- Remove the wheel sensor as per KKKKA. Front wheel sensor, replacement. Check that the wheel sensor point is undamaged.
Sensors and Switches - Brakes and Traction Control - Wheel Speed Sensor - Service and Repair - Procedures Service and Repair
Is the wheel sensor OK ?
If reading is OK: HC15
If reading is incorrect: HC14
[HC14]
Take appropriate action or replace the component
Replace a damaged wheel sensor as per KKKKA. Front wheel sensor, replacement.
Refit a loose wheel sensor as per KKKKA. Front wheel sensor, replacement.
Sensors and Switches - Brakes and Traction Control - Wheel Speed Sensor - Service and Repair - Procedures Service and Repair
Then continue with: HC18
[HC15]
Check the pulse wheel
- Remove the wheel for better access. Check that the pulse wheel is fitted securely, is undamaged (all teeth in place),free from scratches etc.
Is the pulse wheel OK ?
If reading is OK: HC17
If reading is incorrect: HC16
[HC16]
Action
Take appropriate action as needed.
Then continue with: HC18
[HC17]
Check for contact resistance and oxidation
- The fault has been caused by poor contact in the wheel sensor or control module connectors.
Take appropriate action for contact resistance and oxidation in the wheel sensor and control module connections as per [IIIB5]. Check Communication to Control Module [III]
Then continue with: HC18
[HC18]
Verification
Hint: After repair it is necessary to check that the fault has been rectified
- Ignition off
- Reconnect the connections, components etc.
- Ignition on
- Go into running value, list 1
- Test drive the vehicle as per SA. Test driving. Maintain a constant speed without turning. Test Driving [SA]
Warning! The ABS and EBD systems are not available while Volvo Diagnostics is activated. Take great care when test driving as there is a serious risk of the wheels locking when braking.
Note the wheel speeds
Does the wheel in question have the same speed as the other wheels ?
Yes: Fault corrected
No: HC19
[HC19]
Fault-tracing information
The verification result shows that the fault persists.
Do you want to exit fault-tracing?
Yes: Fault not corrected
No: HC1
HD. ABS control phase too long. Intermittent fault.
[HD1]
Check for a locked wheel
A locked wheel when driving can mean that there is no wheel sensor signal which can trigger a DTC.
The wheel can be temporarily locked by a jammed wheel bearing, brake caliper or parking brake
Driving with the parking brake on can cause a DTC.
Then continue with: HD2
[HD2]
Check the wheel sensor and pulse wheel
Check that the wheel sensor is fitted securely against the spindle/hub
For the front wheels
Check that the pulse wheel is fitted securely to the hub as per [IC15] ABS-223
Then continue with: HD3
[HD3]
Check the leads and connections
For the front wheels
Check the wheel sensor and control module connectors for contact resistance and oxidation as per [IIIB6]. Check Communication to Control Module [III]
Check the leads between wheel sensor connector connection:
1 and #11 (DTC ABS-221)
2 and #4 (DTC ABS-221)
1 and #18 (DTC ABS-222)
2 and #3 (DTC ABS-222)
for intermittent breaks as per [IIIB2], intermittent short circuiting to ground as per [IIIB3] and intermittent short circuiting to power as per [IIIB4] Check Communication to Control Module [III]
For the rear wheels
Check wheel sensor connections 24/19, 24/4B and 24/2B for contact resistance and oxidation as per [IIIB6].
Check the leads between wheel sensor connector connections:
#2 and #10 (DTC ABS-223)
#1 and #17 (DTC ABS-224)
for intermittent breaks as per [IIIB2], intermittent short circuiting to ground as per [IIIB3] and intermittent short circuiting to power as per [IIIB4] Check Communication to Control Module [III]
Then continue with: HD4
[HD4]
Fault-tracing information
For intermittent faults fault-tracing is not followed by a verification because the fault is not present at this moment.
Do you want to repeat fault-tracing?
Yes: HD1
No: Operation done